Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.nileuniversity.edu.ng/handle/123456789/17

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 54

A Critical Appraisal of Modern Healthcare Delivery in Nigeria
(International Journal of Capacity Building in Education and Management (IJCBEM), 2022-02-02) Ogye Danlami Okolo; Odo Emmanuel
The modern healthcare delivery was introduced in Nigeria by Missionaries and was advocated by the colonial administration. In its years of existence, it was effective and actually met the health needs of the populace. However, in the last few years the quality and services in the country had declined to the extent that citizens with complicated health problems are now compelled to travel outside the shores of the country for proper medication. The paper examines the history and structure of modern health care delivery in Nigeria and as well examines its importance on the wellbeing of the people. It also examines some of the challenges that have bedevilled modern healthcare delivery in the country. Significant of these challenges are poor funding of the health sector; dearth of qualified health personnel, inadequate health facilities, prevalence of corrupt practices within the health sector among others. The paper recommended amongst others, an increase in budgetary allocation for the health sector, training and re training of health personnel in Nigeria for effective service delivery.
Africa And Regional Integration
(Uzu Journal, 2021-02-02) Alexander, Wancelous Avong; Garba Dimas
This study interrogates the regional integration in Africa with emphasis on the challenges. Data was obtained from secondary sources such as academic journals, books and official reports. Content analysis method was also adopted for the research. It was explained from the prism of the Regional Integration Theory. The study concludes that regional integration in Africa will serve as a vehicle for Africa’s socio-economic development. However, poor human development (human capital), poor infrastructure and the overlapping membership of Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Africa are the challenges of regional integration in Africa. In order to realize the potentials of regional integration in Africa, this work recommend that, the African Union (AU) countries should ensure counterpart funding on education, health and informal economy should be encouraged among nation-states of AU. The establishment of joint border patrol between and among member states of RECs to curb the incidence of trans-border criminal activities; the deepening of internal democracy within AU member states so as to make citizens to be civil in their dealings, imbue in leaders and security agencies greater respect for people’s rights and freedoms. The construction of power plant for energy; good roads and railroads among states of Africa should be encouraged. Counterpart funding among AU member states should be institutionalised. The member states of the AU should rationalise their relations with states in Africa and others. This is to allow synergy in terms of policies for the common development of Africa.
AGRICULTURAL PRICE DISTORTIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY
(Progressive Academic Publishing UK, 2015-02-02) Benedict Akanegbu, N
This research examines the effects of agricultural Price Distortions on output in the agricultural sector of Nigeria. Specifically, the study tests the hypotheses that agricultural price distortions are inversely related to output growth in the same sector. The conclusiveness of all previous studies on this problem has not been without doubt largely because their analyses were based on multi-country cross-section data and aggregate price distortion indices. The present study seeks to overcome this failing by disaggregating the price distortions sector-wise for a single country, namely, Nigeria. The study adopts a model based on a modified neoclassical production function where agricultural exports are taken as inputs. Agricultural price distortions cause a wedge between the domestic and foreign price of agricultural exports and thereby reduce the volume of trade and, in consequence, the real GNP as well. And to derive consistent, unbiased, and efficient estimators of the structural equations, the model so developed was estimated by ordinary least square (OLS) method. The analysis confirms the view that agricultural price distortions have a significant and negative influence on agricultural output. An important implication of the study is that reforms of agricultural pricing policies should constitute a major component of any remedial program designed to accelerate economic growth in a country like Nigeria. If her agricultural sector is to become modern and efficient, they should be given the opportunity and the motivation to reduce costs. Indiscriminate reduction of the rate of protection and the reduction of the implicit taxes on exports alone are not the correct or adequate solution. Better physical infrastructure, better education and training, and more modernized agricultural experience can contribute to the ability to reduce costs and raise productivity.
An analysis of the major factors of hate speech in the Nigerian digital environment
(Journal of Communication and Media Research,, 2024-02-02) Suemo Shagbaor Jacob; Abdullateef Muhammed; Ahmad Murtada Busair
Relying on the existing literature and empirical works, this study takes explorative perspective to identifying social media platforms that mostly propagate hate speech in Nigeria and some of the factors responsible for its spread. Anchored on the assumptions of the technological determinism theory and based on secondary data in the literature, this study found Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter as the mostly used digital channels for hate speech among Nigerians. It was also found that explosion of hate speech on social media were factored by political interests and freedom of speech as well as ethnic and religious sentiments. it is therefore suggested that the menace of hate speech on social media can be mitigated if the Nigerian government could come up with anti-hate laws and proactive counter-statements policy through the instrumentation of Nigerian Communication Commission and the National Orientation Agency.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF GENDER, SELF-EFFICACY, AND RESILIENCE ON MARITAL ADJUSTMENTS AMONG EMPLOYEES OF THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OYE-EKITI, NIGERIA
(Ife Centre for Psychological Studies/Services, Nigeria, 2024-06-06) Ibukun Faith Akeredolu; Okere Adebisi Victory; Tolulope Oluwatoyin Olayiwola-Adedoja; Mensah Prince Osiesi; Sylvan Blignaut; Walters Doh Nubia
This study assessed the role of gender, self-efficacy, and resilience on marital adjustments of employees at the Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study utilised the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study consisted of all employees at the Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The simple and purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting 106 employees as the study’s sample. An instrument tagged “Self-Efficacy, Resilience and Marital Adjustment Questionnaire” was used in collecting data for the study, with α= 0.81, 0.84, and 0.86 respectively for the instrument’s sub-sections. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis at a 5% significance level. Findings indicate high levels of self-efficacy, resilience, and marital adjustments among the sampled employees, and that employees' gender and self-efficacy play a significant role in their marital adjustment levels; yet, employees’ resilience played no significant role (contrasting findings of prior research; Ahmad & Jahangir, 2020; Cihan & Aydogan, 2020; Khalaf &AL-Hadrawi, 2022; İlmen & Sürücü, 2022), that found a significant association between resilience and marital adjustment). The study recommends that efforts, especially professional development programmes, and capacity-building workshops, aimed at fostering employees' self-efficacy be made available to employees of the university, counselling units established in all faculties of the university, and employees (both male and female) be advised and encouraged to attend at least one or two counselling sessions every month to foster their marital adjustments cum satisfaction.
Attendance Dilemma and its Effects on the Academic Performance of Secondary Schools’ Students in Osun State, Nigeria
(International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), 2014-02-02) Fabgenle Ayoola Olufunke; Elegbeleye Ayotunde Oluwadamilola
Worried by the dwindling academic performance of students in the various national examinations in Nigeria in recent times, this study examined the causes of attendance challenge and their impact on the academic performance of Secondary Schools’ students in Osun State of Nigeria. To achieve this aim, scores in attendance and examinations for 3,050 students in the last three years were collected from 61 state-owned Secondary Schools out of a total of 208 Schools in the State. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested in this respect while descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were adopted for the analysis. The results indicated that the average attendance scores of students across the ten constituencies in the state are proportional to their examination scores. Also, parents/guardians ranked poverty level (M = 3.96), unbearable extra fees imposed on students by the school authority (M = 3.95) and high cost of instructional materials (M = 3.93) as major significant causes for their wards’ absenteeism at school. The results of Chi-square value (χ2 cal = 26.35 > χ2 tab =7.32) for the test of hypothesis showed that a significant relationship exists between class attendance and academic performance of Secondary School students in the study area. It was concluded that a mechanism should be put in place by the State Government to curb the extra fees being charged by the various school authorities.
Corporate Governance and Efficiency of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
(International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research (IJMSSSR), 2021-07-07) Inim Victor Edet
This study investigates the effect of corporate governance on the efficiency of deposit money banks in Nigeria usingex-post facto research design. The study covers 7 years from 2013 to 2019. The population comprises the21quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria out of which 8 were selected as the sample size using purposive sampling method. Data was collected from the financial statements of the banks and descriptive statistics; correlation and panel regression were used for the analysis. A non-parametric approach, Data Envelopment Analysis was also used to examine the efficiency of the banks. The findings showed that both board size and board compositions have positive and significant effect on the efficiency of the quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that the quoted deposit money banks should continue to comply with the regulated board size and monitor their board compositions regularly especially the board remuneration committee, management committee and audit committee for continuous improvement of their efficiency.
Depending on the Media
(SEARCH: The Journal of the South East Asia Research centre for Communication and Humanities, 2012-02-02) Ozohu-Suleiman Yakubu; Md. Sidin Ahmad Ishak
This study examines the relationship between viewers’ dependence on major international news media and their opinions on how core issues of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict could be resolved. The study is premised on the theoretical assumption that Media System Dependency (MSD) can be helpful as a means of evaluating the importance of particular media outlets in determining opinion and behaviour. The study utilises mixed content analysis and survey methods. The content analysis focuses on within-article salience to determine relative media emphasis on core issues of the conflict. The survey involved over 600 viewers of BBC World, Al-Jazeera English, CNN International and Press TV across Nigeria and Malaysia, and focuses on the viewers’ opinions on how to resolve core issues of the conflict. Results show that dependence on media sources predicted and explained significant proportions of the viewers’ opinions on how each core issues of the conflict, including the status of Hamas in the peace process could be resolved. No significant relationship was found between dependence on media sources and the viewers’ opinions on which of the core issues require the most urgent attention in resolving the conflict. In conclusion, media’s presence in the viewers’ opinions on how core issues of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict could be resolved was relative to the viewers’ dependence on the media sources, thus backing the theoretical assumption of MSD and the proposition that media are able to shape peace in Israel/Palestine by applying coverage to the structure of peace in the conflict.
Digital Conversations on the Blogosphere
(Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 2018-02-02) Elega Adeola Abdulateef
Blogs or weblogs are shared online journals that allow individuals or groups to share entries about their experiences, ideas and opinions. One of its common feature; the comment section, is the major facilitator of digital conversations on the blogosphere and it has earned little scholarly effort unlike news entries. Through a qualitative research technique of in-depth interview among fifteen active blog visitors of Linda Ikeji, a Nigerian A-list blog, this study sought to understand why blog readers involve or engage themselves in digital conversations on blogs. Findings show that that blog visitors seem to be primarily motivated to involve themselves in digital conversation for three main reasons; opinion sharing (Checking other commenters/ blogger and, alternating the dominant flow of conversation) digital conversational perks and interest.
Does Financial Integration Exist in ECOWAS?
(Core, 2017-02-02) Matthew Oladapo Gidigbi; Benedict Akanegbu N; Modibbo Adama
Free movement of goods, capital, and persons have been the long-term strategic goals of the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) since its establishment. Notwithstanding, financial integration has become more important in deepening political integration in the region than ever. Assessing how far the Regional Economic Community (REC) has achieved her objective of free movement of capital among the member states. Therefore, this study investigated the existence of financial integration in ECOWAS by employing savings-investment equality, popularly known as Feldstein-Horioka Criterion; a panel data for all the 15 member states was fitted into the specified model. The study found that there is the existence of financial integration in the REC, and that language inhibits financial integration and that the coefficient of language dummy stands at -4.8 percent. However, it found that language inhibition of the financial integration in the REC will gradually disappear over time, as the interactive coefficient of language and time stands at - 0.12 percent. This study concludes that a level of financial integration is in existence in the REC. Therefore, the REC is prepared for monetary unification assuming that there will be more substantial trade among the member states.
Effect of Non-Performing Loans on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Nigeria
(American Center of Science and Education, USA, 2019-02-02) Okoh Gabriel; Inim Victor Edet; Idachaba Odekina Innocent
The study examined the effect of Non-Performing Loans on the financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria between the periods of 1985 to 2016. The study employed the multiple regression techniques to analyze data collated from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) publications for various years. The result of the study shows that Non-Performing Loans to Total Loans ratio (NPL/TLR) and Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) had statistically negative significant effect on Return on Asset (ROA). These result shows that a high level of non-performing loans would reduce the financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. Consequently, the study recommends that the regulatory authorities in Nigeria should create and support an environment where commercial banks in Nigeria can have a strong risk management practices.
Effect of Social Networking Technology Addiction on Academic Performance of University Students in Nigeria
(Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication (BEIESP), 2020-02-02) Victor Ndubuaku; Inim Victor Edet; Ufodiama Clifford Ndudi; UdoEmmanuel Samuel; Abner Ishaku Prince
The benefits of social media networking platforms on students’ academic performance in contemporary times cannot be, overemphasized. These social networking platforms crafts out opportunities for information sharing andalso danger for students in diverse fields. The danger of social networking addiction on students’ academic performance, health, and social well-being triggered this study.400 students enrolled in this cross-sectional study, through stratified random sampling technique. Using the online survey of Google Form for data collection. The Ordinary Least Square and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to quantify and examine the impact. Findingsrevealed that social networking impact significantly on students’ academic performance, and was more prevalent among undergraduate students (P = 0.000). Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed a significant relationship between social networking addiction, academic performance, health and social well-being of students (p=0.001). The misapplication of social media can become addictive among users and students.Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is proposed to diminish the negative effect of social network addiction on students and other co-users.
Effects of Economic Growth on Poverty Reduction In Nigeria
(IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF), 2018-02-02) Oyegoke Ebunoluwa; Wasiu Yusuf
This paper explored the effect of economic growth on poverty reduction in Nigeria using a time series data spanning from 1980-2016. Unit Root and Johansen Cointegration tests were carried out to determine stationarity and long-run relationship among the variables respectively, while the VAR was carried out to determine the effect of Government expenditure, unemployment growth rate and Real GDP on poverty incidence. The result shows that Government expenditure is positively related to poverty incidence. This suggests that the poor are not benefitting from the economy at large, especially from total government expenditure. The GDP coefficient (a proxy for economic growth) conforms to the a-priori expectation, which depicts a negative relationship between economic growth and poverty incidence, while unemployment relates positively to poverty reduction. Therefore, the government should work more on job creations by focusing more on the labour -intensive sectors, basically, Agricultural and Industrial sectors. Also, economic growth and government spending should be directed at the pro-poor projects, mostly the Bottom-40 percent by providing the essential amenities, especially good infrastructures, financial benefits and aids to families with dependant children, and old people, also, medical aids should be available for the poor
Effects of Substance Use on Violent Crimes in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
(Journal of International Relations, Security and Economic Studies (JIRSES), 2024-02-02) Ogye Danlami Okolo; Saidu Ahmed
Substance use and violent crime are menace currently affecting every aspect of human society. Substance use otherwise known as drug use is becoming rampant and out of control in Nigeria. The paper examines public perception of the effects of substance use on violent crimes in Nasarawa state. The objectives include; identify the substances that are commonly used, examine the effects of alcohol abuse on incidence of violent crime and assess the effects of marijuana use on violent crimes. To further explain the relationship between substance use and violent crime, rational choice theory was adopted to explain the phenomenon. Survey design was adopted using questionnaire as the main instrument to collect the primary data for this study from the respondents. Data collected through questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive statistics of simple percentage tables. The findings revealed that alcohol and marijuana are the common substances available for use/abuse in Nasarawa State. The paper also revealed that the abuse of alcohol often leads to violent crimes. It was equally revealed that marijuana use is associated with violent crimes as people who use marijuana predisposed to all manners of violent behaviour like assault, rape, stealing/robbery and murder. It would be concluded that substance use has adverse effect on violent crimes in Nasarawa State. The study recommends that the government should educate public on the danger of substance use/abuse in order to discourage users from the act thereby reducing violent crimes in the State. The State government should establish a counselling unit across the State where trained criminologists would give substance users orientation and advice on how to discourage them from using substances.
Energy Consumption and Sectorial Value Addition on Economic Growth in Nigeria
(Horizon Research Publishing (HRPUB), 2021-02-02) Udo Emmanuel Samuel; Idamoyibo Hwerien Rosemary; Inim Victor Edet; Akpan Jack Ededem; Victor Ndubuaku
This study investigates the co-integrating and causal link between energy consumption and economic growth in three economic sectors of agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors in Nigeria. Through the multivariate framework and quarterly data from 2000Q1-2018Q4. The ARDL bounds test approach, and Error Correction Model are the key techniques of analysis, and the Clemente-Montanes-Reyes unit root approach for structural breaks in the series. Findings revealed estimated billing system, and energy demand-supply gap as factors negatively influencing energy distribution and consumption in various sectors of the economy. The results also revealed a co-integrating relationship between economic growth and sectorial value creation. The results also revealed a bidirectional causality between liquefied natural gas and energy consumption and a unidirectional causality between economic growth and petroleum oil consumption. On the contrary, there is a non-causal relationship between the service and agricultural sectors. Sufficient energy distribution and consumption stir economic growth through value additions in the agricultural, manufacturing, and service sectors. The study recommends a review of the billing system, pricing framework, and policies to support, value creation, and addiction in Nigeria.
Ethnicity and Nationalism in Nigeria
(International Journal of Recent Innovations in Academic Research, 2019-02-02) Yahaya Yakubu
The underlying literally endeavor sets out to investigate the resulting identity crisis that derives from the interplay between ethnic and nationalist ideologies. The search for identity has and continues to be of immeasurable significant in man’s quest for significance and meaning, more so in Africa where self-consciousness remains in crisis having been assailed from of myriad of directions. The once enduring racial consciousness, shared faith of colonial subjugation and quest for self-actualization that propelled nationalist ideologies in Nigeria, has since waned off and regressed into ethno-consciousness based on shared languages and geographical proximity amongst other primordial factors. Exploring the interplay from the theoretical perspective of relative deprivation, the study concludes comparison and established or perceived feeling of superiority has pitched ethnicity groups against each other. The notion that one group is better than the other base on access or inaccess to resources and political has driven the dual identity crisis in contemporary Nigeria. To address the unhealthy competition from power certain state policies need to be reviewed or enhance to reflect the foundations of the federal character principle in particular. Further claiming the near monocropic nature of the Nigerian state as a defining attribute of ethnic antagonism.
Factors Influencing the Emergence of Community Involvement in Crime Control in Kuje Area Council of Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria
(International Journal of Migration, Security, and Peace Studies (IJMSPS), 2025-02-02) Ogye Danlami Okolo; Ugwu-Amadieze Martins Onyeanwa
The study examined the factors that led to emergence of community involvement in crime control in Kuje Area Council of Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The widespread of crime in modern society have called for serious concern to all citizens and becomes a worrisome issue in Nigeria. Many communities in Nigeria have experienced different types of crimes in recent years. The increase in crime rates and the inability of the Nigeria police and other security agencies to deal with the situation effectively have given rise to community involvement as a supplement to traditional policing. The study utilized broken window theory to explain the problem. The study employed survey research design using cluster sampling technique to select 111 respondents from the total population of Kuje Area Council. The data collected through questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistics which were presented in tables showing frequency and percentage responses of the respondents. In-depth interview conducted was analyzed using content analysis of narration. Based on the findings, the study underlined key factors that led to the emergence of community involvement in crime control is primarily due to a combination of factors including public distrust of the police, their perceived inability to effectively control crime, the rise in crime rates, particularly kidnapping, terrorism, robbery, and drug trafficking, which further highlighted the need for community involvement. The study recommends that the police in the Kuje Area Council of FCT, Abuja should involve community members as a strategy to control crime since they are not sufficient to fight the growing rate of crime in the community. In addition, strengthen collaborative effort between law enforcement agencies and community members in proactive responses to crime and other social vices will go along way in preventing and controlling crimes in FCT and Nigeria as whole.
Financial Development on Employment Rate in Nigeria
(Sciedu Press, 2021-02-02) Victor Ndubuaku; Inim Victor Edet; Udo Emmanuel Samuel; Idamoyibo Hwerien Rosemary; Abner Ishaku Prince
This study examines financial development on employment rate in Nigeria on the premise of goal 8 of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Using the ARDL model and annualized time-series data from 1999-2019. Findings revealed a positive and statistically significant impact of financial development on employment rate. Supporting the Phillips curve of an inverse nexus between inflation rate and unemployment rate. The findings contravene Okun‟s law of a negative relationship between economic growth and unemployment rate. The study recommences a policy framework to influence the operational and business activities of financial institutions to stir employment generation and economic growth in Nigeria.
FINANCING HEALTH CARE IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
(International Journal of Public Administration and Management Research (IJPAMR), 2019-02-02) Ogye Danlami Okolo; Attah Amana Philip; Ali, Mohammed Attai
There are many challenges confronting health sector in Nasarawa State, but the issue of inadequate financing of healthcare is a worrisome. And the effects it has caused to the universal health coverage are great. The major factor hindering the path of sustainable health care delivery is poor funding. The health sector requires adequate funding in order to make health services available and affordable to the public. The State government introduced the UHC because it considered healthcare so demanding due to dwindling economy and poverty in the State. More importantly, the introduction of the policy was to guarantee good and qualitative access to efficient healthcare services for all citizens such that it could reduce catastrophic household out-of-pocket health expenditure. Since its introduction and resuscitation in the State, actual implementation of the policy by the State appeared not to have yielded desired result. In the face of achieving UHC, successful financing of health care system continues to be a challenge to the policy. This study therefore made an attempt to situate the impact of financing healthcare on the overall universal health coverage of Nasarawa State. Adopting a structural functionalist approach as a theoretical framework and relying on secondary sources of data, the study revealed the state's low level of coverage among the target population of the policy was recorded which also affects quality of health services provided. The study recommended among others that the state government in collaboration with relevant stakeholders should intensify optimal coverage on the UHC policy. It also suggested increased funding for health programs through increase budgetary allocation to the health sector in the State. The paper concludes that to achieve universal coverage using financing as the strategy, there is a dire need to review the system of financing health care and ensure that resources are used more efficiently while at the same time removing financial barriers to access by shifting focus from OOPs to other hidden resources.
Globalization and Transnational Security Threats in the Sahel Sub-Region
(REVISTA EdeDC, 2025-02-02) Mustapha Sheikh Abdullahi; Garba Dimas
The powerful force of globalization has an impact on the political and economic processes of the modern world. The Sahel Sub-region's transnational security challenges and globalization are examined in this paper. This study adopted a practical methodology. This strategy supports mixed methods research by fusing positivist and interpretive viewpoints. Two African nations in the Sahel subregion make up the study's population. Nigeria and Mali are included in this. These nations were chosen because they were known for their instability and transnational threats. In this study, stratified and purposeful sampling methods were employed. One hundred twenty (120) respondents made up the study's sample, and a questionnaire was used to collect data. 60 male and 60 female students were chosen from the nations in the study area to make up the gender-based sample. The results showed that the free movement of products and services between countries has not accelerated the spread of light weapons and small arms in the Sahel subregion.The spread of light weapons and small arms, among other things, has a big impact on the insecurity that exists in Sahelian border villages. The study also discovered that transnational crimes and counter-insurgency tactics in the Sahel region are significantly impacted by the military incapacity of the Sahelian heads of state. The study comes to the conclusion that the rise of internally displaced camps and the terrorists' control over large areas of land are indicators of the failing state of several Sahelian states. The groups of terrorists are moving forward. They are not always looking for ways to use the resources made possible by globalization to grow and spread and wreak more damage.