Faculty of Management Sciences

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Islamic perspective of management accounting decision making techniques
(Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 2013-02-02) Zayyad Abdul-Baki; Uthman Ahmad Bukola; Atanda Aliu Olanrewaju; Solihu Aramide Ibrahim
Purpose– This paper aims to argue that the methodologies adopted by the conventional management accounting in selecting between or among two or more alternative courses of action, both in the long-term and the short-term decision making endeavours conflict with the overall objective ( falah) of Islamic enterprises. Design/methodology/approach– The paper explores relevant literatures (including the Qur’an and the Hadeeth) to ascertain the objective of an Islamic enterprise and suggest an alternative approach, in making a choice among alternative courses of action, that aligns with the Islamic socio-economic objective (falah). Findings– The paper suggests that both in long-term and short-term decision making endeavours, cost-benefit comparison (where cost includes negative externalities) rather than discounted cashflow techniques or contribution margin should be adopted in making a final choice among alternatives to achieve falah. Research limitations/implications– The paper has not considered other objectives that may be pursued by an organisation beside profit maximization whether short-term or long-term. Practical implications– The paper expands the frontiers of knowledge in Islamic accounting by exposing the inadequacy of the conventional management accounting decision making methods. Originality/value– This paper explores the Islamic perspective of the conventional management accounting which is rare among scholars of accounting.
Impact Of Employee Empowerment On Service Quality- An Empirical Analysis Of The Nigerian Banking Industry
(European Centre for Research Training and Development UK, 2013-02-02) Alabar T. Timothy; Abubakar Hadiza Saidu
Employee empowerment is a very important issues to organizations especially those providing services. This is because the customers and employees are engaged simultaneously in the production of service. The inability of the management to control the service encounter makes the employees responsible for the quality of service delivered to the customers. This practice can directly affect the quality of service. The objective of this study is thus to determine the impact employee empowerment has on service quality in the Nigerian banking industry. The study covered nine branches out of the fifteen branches of First Bank in Kaduna State. This is because the nine branches are within Kaduna State metropolis and so, there was easy access. The sample size consisted of all the staff in the various branches with the exception of contract (in sourcing) staff. The study used primary and secondary data. Questionnaires were distributed to two hundred employees across the branches of First Bank and regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Out of the 200 questionnaires distributed fifteen (15) were not returned. The study found out that employee empowerment has positive and significant impact on service quality. It recommends that First Bank should continue to promote teamwork amongst employees so that every staff irrespective of gender would work towards a common vision of achieving the objectives of the Bank. A more enabling environment for the female employees should also be encouraged so that there will be a balance in enhancing productivity.
The value-relevance of accounting information in Nigeria
(Journal of Accounting and Management, 2014-02-02) Uthman Ahmad Bukola; Zayyad Abdul-Baki
This study investigates the effect of IFRS adoption on the value-relevance of accounting information in Nigeria. The study builds on the explanation of extant finance theories on the value and timing of information. IFRS was measured with more disclosure of economic events as well as the fair valuation of economic events under IFRS. The opinions of a number of financial analysts with the aid of e-mail questionnaire were sourced. A log-linear test was run to test the interaction of the variables and the significance of such interaction. A significant relationship was found between the each of the independent variables and the dependent variable at 5% level of significance. The study therefore offers explanations regarding the IFRS adoption as a bridge of the gap between accounting and finance measurement of information. Hence, concludes that IFRS adoption has enhanced the value relevance of accounting information in Nigeria. However, recommendation was made that more measures should be put in place to ensure full compliance of IFRS by all affected Nigerian entities.
Audit Pricing, Start-Up Cost and Opinion Shopping
(Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems (JAMIS), 2014-02-02) Tijani, Oladipupo Muhrtala; Uthman Ahmad Bukola; Abdul-Baki, Zayyad; Oke, Lukman Adebayo
The purpose of this paper is to predict the association between the effect of start-up cost and audit opinion shopping on the pricing strategies of medium-sized audit firms. Using a sample of 753 local –office-year observations between 2006 and 2011, we find evidence of a positive association between higher audit pricing of new private client and audit opinion shopping. We also find that start-up cost is a good predictor of higher initial fees charged by auditors for private clients. While earnings risk management (ERM) and financial performance risk (FPR) are significant factors in audit pricing, litigation risk (LR) however failed to evolve as a direct significant predictor. Although this study focused on the effects of start-up costs and opinion reporting, it fails to differentiate between firm cost allocation and apportionment. The model can be used to assist audit firms not only to develop pricing strategies that fully reflect the effective cost allocation, but also to be receptive to the implications of opinion reporting on service pricing.
Brand Loyalty and Consumers of Northern Noodles Nigeria Limited
(2014-02-02) Abubakar Hadiza Saidu
This paper examines the factors that enhance brand loyalty in Northern Noodles Nigeria Limited. There are several factors that encourage customers to become loyal to either the company or brand they are using but this study focused on three factors which are Product involvement, Perceived quality and Brand trust. Primary data was used for the study. Questionnaires were distributed among 300 respondents in Kaduna State. The study used correlation coefficient analysis to examine the relationship between these focused factors and brand loyalty. Findings reveal that product involvement, perceived quality and brand trust are factors that enhance loyalty to brand. It is recommended that Northern Noodles Nigeria Limited should continue to make their product more unique in order to sustain their consumers and stimulate their involvement, maintain their quality of product and identify ways in which to gain more trust into the hearts of the consumers. Also they should explore more ways in which to improve on other factors that positively impact on customer loyalty to brand in order to help further strengthen brand loyalty towards their offering brand.
Analysis of Theories of Management Relevant to the Marketing Function in Contemporary Times
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2014-02-02) Abubakar Hadiza Saidu
This paper reviews some Management theories namely: the Scientific Management theory, the Classical organizational theory, the Behavioral theory and recent developments in Management theory. The paper analyzed how the theories relate to the Marketing Function as well as review the extent of success achieved by these theories. The paper concludes that though the Management theories help in interpreting the rapidly changing nature of today’s markets, not all have been successful in influencing, interpreting or explaining the marketing functions.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Brand Loyalty of Product among Consumers in Nigeria
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2014-02-02) Abubakar Hadiza Saidu
This study attempts to examine factors affecting brand loyalty of product among consumers in Nigeria. These factors include Customer satisfaction, Product involvement, perceived quality and brand trust that could possibly enhance brand loyalty. In this study, brand loyalty is approached based on previous studies and literature, by building a framework to link the dimensions of brand loyalty and brand involvement and also the factors that enhance both.
Impact of Employee Empowerment on Job Satisfaction in First Bank Nigeria PLC, Nigeria
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2014-02-02) Abubakar Hadiza Saidu
This paper examined the impact employee empowerment has on job satisfaction with specific reference to First Bank of Nigeria PLC. Employee empowerment is instrumental in achieving organizational performance because employees render the service. Investing in them is investing in the improvement of the services provided. The objective of this study is to determine the impact employee empowerment has on job satisfaction in First Bank of Nigeria PLC. The study also investigated the level of job satisfaction between male and female employees. The study covered nine branches out of the fifteen branches of First Bank in Kaduna State. This is because the nine branches are within Kaduna State metropolis and so, there was easy access. The sample size consisted of all the staff in the various branches with the exception of contract (in sourcing) staff. The study used primary and secondary data. Questionnaires were distributed to two hundred employees across the branches of First Bank and fifteen were not returned. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The study found out that employee empowerment has positive and significant impact on job satisfaction. It recommends that First Bank should continue to promote teamwork amongst employees so that every staff irrespective of gender would work towards a common vision of achieving the objectives of the Bank. A more enabling environment for the female employees should also be encouraged so that there will be a balance in enhancing productivity.
Curbing Financial Crimes with Anti-Graft Bureaus in Nigeria
(Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems (JAMIS), 2015-02-02) Uthman Ahmad Bukola; Oke, Lukman Adebayo; Ajape, Mohammed Kayode; Abdul-Baki, Zayyad; Tijani, Murhtala Oladipupo
Corruption, be it financial or non-financial is a global cankerworm that has eaten deep into the fabrics of many nations and war against it has been a recurring decimal in every economy. In Nigeria, recent attempts at nipping corruption in the bud gave rise to some anti-graft agencies such as the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). Against this background, opinion of 140 accountants in various capacities was sought on the efficacy of the anti-graft agencies in curbing financial crimes through a survey questionnaire. The study found that respondents group perceived the anti-graft agencies as highly effective but could not establish that accountants in various walks of life differ significantly in their perception of the efficacy of the Nigerian Anti-graft bureaus (Overall Mean= 2.98, F= 2.263 and P>0.05)using ANOVA as statistical analysis tool. It was recommended that Nigerian government should strengthen the Anti-financial crimes agencies given that the influence of highly placed offenders, the dignity, societal bondage and shame inherent in financial crimes may affect the potency of anti financial crimes measures put in place.
How Does Customers’ Satisfaction Affect Business Performance? Evidence From Nigeria
(Osogbo Journal of Management (OJM), 2017-02-02) Bakare Akeem Adewale; Fetuga Omoshalewa Mariam
The study examines the impact of customers’ satisfaction on business profitability from Nigeria perspective. The SPSS package was used to analyze the linear regression in order to establish the relationship between the variables involved in the study. The results showed a positive relationship between customers’ retention and profitability which implies that mobile operators need to maximize customer satisfaction in order to influence the extent of loyalty and retention on the products’ patronage. However, this study recommends that mobile operators should not just rely on profit margins as a good indicator of business performance but rather should develop strategies that better capture customers’ perceptions of their service offerings.
Accounting ethics education in Nigeria
(Academic journal of economic studies, 2018-02-02) Salami, Abdulai Agbaje; Sanni, Mubaraq; Uthman Ahmad Bukola
The symbiotic relationship between good ethical disposition and accounting profession is incontestable. Aside from the previous infamous global corporate scandals, the recent fraudulent practices revelation in the Nigerian public life is a serious source of concern. This study examines the impact of ethics education on the potential accountants to establish whether the propriety of their conduct in the future is guaranteed. This necessitates the survey of accounting students based on the three forms of ownership of university in Nigeria. The findings of the survey based on the structured questionnaire using Kruskal-Wallis tests show that, the students’ groups agree on the value-relevance of ethics education, its ability to expose them to means of resolving future ethical challenges and their readiness to become whistle-blowers. However, the students’ groups’ failure to agree on the necessity of ethical competence for accountants and their disagreement on their confidence to tackle unfamiliar problems signal what is expected of accounting educators for students to become more ethically equipped. Also, the expectation of the reinforcement of whistle-blower protection is evident from its intertwining with disclosure of unethical practices. The timing and implications of this study on the activities of accounting educators and policy makers accentuate its uniqueness.
Bank Capital, Operating Efficiency, and Corporate Performance in Nigeria
(Acta Univ. Sapientiae, Economics and Business,, 2018-02-02) Abdulai Agbaje Salami; Uthman Ahmad Bukola
This study examines the impact of bank capital and operating efficiency on the Nigerian deposit money bank financial performance with a view to resolving risk-based and non-risk-based capitals’ dichotomy existing in the bank literature. Using bank-specific data obtained from the annual reports and accounts of 15 banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange between 2012 and 2015, the panel data regression analyses revealed the superiority of standard capital ratio of equity-to-total-assets, a non-risk-based capital, over other measures. While all measures, both risk-based and non-risk-based capitals, showed significantly positive effects on bank performance as measured by return-on-asset, mixed results were obtained from other indicators: return-on-equity and net-interest-margin. Overall, only equity-to-total-assets influenced all adopted performance indicators positively. It was also found that operating efficiency measured by cost-to income ratio had negative impact on bank performance, but on the average it appeared too high. Thus, incorporating the standard capital ratio of equity-to-total assets into regulatory regime by the banks’ regulator is recommended to ensure its relevance is not overshadowed.
Internal Brand Equity of Universities and Students’ Academic Performance
(Sona Global Management Review, 2018-02-02) Musiliu Babatunde Abina; Uthman Ahmad Bukola
Internal branding occupies the core of internal marketing thus sifting out the values at the behest of an organization in achieving stated objectives. Bearing this in mind, this study adopts a survey technique to identify the perception of consumers (students) on internal brand equi ties of academic institutions in the shadows of the minimum academic standards requirement as determinants of academic performance. The ingenuity of this work thus lies in the ability of the study to examine internal brand equities of academic institutions/services. A test of difference was conducted to understudy the interplay between the academic performance of students among five cohorts distributed based on academic performance of students. The analysis made use of Kruskal-wallis test with the application of Wilcoxon signed rank tests with the Bonferroni Correction as post hoc analysis to identify the direction of the differences. The research identified how students are segregated on the basis of their academic performances and the variables helpful to their academic performances. Chiefly, high-flying students present unequivocal views on the usefulness of ‘facilities’, ‘library services’ and ‘working hours’ to the academic performance of students. On this note, the study recommends that attention of government can be directed to areas of Library services, academic services and physical facilities as all students except the high-flyers are having conflicting view with respect to their ranks on internal brand variables. More so, non-academic services should be improved upon as it is disregarded as a helpful variable by the ‘high flying students.
Bank Lending Channel of Monetary policy Transmission Mechanism in Nigeria
(IIARD International Journal of Banking and Finance Research, 2018-02-02) Ebire Kolawole; Ogunyinka, Suleiman Femi
This paper investigated the existence of a bank lending channel in monetary policy transmission in Nigeria using quarterly data spanning the period 2002:1 through 2017:1. The analysis was conducted using Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM). Findings revealed the presence of three cointegrating relationship among the variables, identified as loan demand and supply by testing for exclusion and exogeneity restrictions on the cointegrating relationships. The study also found that loan supply was significant and positively associated with borrowing rate but negatively significant with lending rate equation which supports the existence of a lending channel for monetary transmission process. The policy implication of this is that, if the CBN raises the policy rate, bank supply of loan will respond negatively. This will restrict the total amount of loan that banks can offer to the private sector. Based on this finding we therefore recommend that the apex bank should give more credence to credit rates when instituting its monetary policies transmission.
Effects of the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria
(Journal of Global Economics, 2018-02-02) Ebire Kolawole; Lucky Otsoge Onmonya; V Ekemini Inim
Most nations all over the world institutes policies to attract more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. Identifying the key determinants of FDI inflows is therefore seen as an important task for policy makers. This study therefore, investigates the major determinants of FDI in Nigeria spanning from 1986-2017. Secondary source of data were used for the study which were first subjected to stationarity test using Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips Perron test. Findings showed that all variables were found to be integrated into the order of one. Cointegration analysis showed that there exist a long run relationship among the variables. Based on these findings, Error Correction Mechanism was used in testing the hypotheses. The result showed that exchange rate, GDP, first lag of GDP, military expenditure, first lag of military expenditure, political stability and financial development are the major determinants of FDI inflows to Nigeria. The study therefore recommends among others that, government at all levels should tackle the menace of insecurity ravaging the economy and portraying the country as insecure thereby creating a secured environment for FDI inflows. Democratic regimes should be sustained and investment policies should be instituted or improved on, in order to create a friendly environment to attract more FDI inflows.
The role of accounting and accountants in the oil subsidy corruption scandal in Nigeria
(Elsevier, 2019-02-02) Zayyad, Abdul-Baki; Uthman, Ahmad Bukola; Abubakar, S. Kasum
Accounting firms have long been profit-orientated ventures, and their pursuit of profits has overshadowed the protection of the public interest they avow. This study investigates how corruption, as an institutionalized practice in Nigeria, has led two accounting firms to support and engage in corruption rather than guard against it in an oil subsidy corruption scandal in Nigeria. Adopting Dillard, Rigsby, and Goodman’s (2004) model of institutional theory, the study argues that the institutionalization of corruption, through its pervasiveness at the social, economic and political level, is a premise for its institutionalization at the organizational field level (the oil subsidy scheme). Because the two accounting firms were both involved in the operation of the oil subsidy scheme, their practices were essentially forced to conform to the institutionalized practice—corruption—as opposed to the protection of the public interest.
Prospect for Accounting Academics
(Management & Accounting Review, 2019-02-02) Uthman Ahmad Bukola; Mubaraq Sannib; Abdulai Agbaje Salamic
The future of accounting education rests on the development of accounting academics. In the social space of competing job opportunities for both graduate and professional accountants, this paper considers how the interest of prospective accounting graduates in Nigerian universities could reshape the widely reported shortage of accounting academics. Viewing through the lens of the Circumscription Theory, it examines how career choices of undergraduate accounting students affect the prospect of accounting education. The survey technique was adopted to sample students’ opinions across three universities in their career decisions, the factors that affect such decisions and their key referents. The respondents were divided based on their preference for academic jobs and the Mann-whitney U test was conducted to examine the differences in factors that affect their preferences. The study revealed that financial rewards account for students’ preference for non-academic jobs. Hence, only 10% of the respondents showed an intention to pursue a career in the academia. Other factors such as job leisure, ambitiousness and career prestige are also responsible for students’ preference for non-academic jobs. The results of the study confirmed the prediction of the Circumscription Theory. It is therefore recommended that academic jobs should be made attractive for accounting graduates by improving the financial rewards of academic staff generally. More so, attention should be further directed towards factors such as job leisure, holiday travels, prestige and easy achievement of ambitions since students get swayed from academic jobs because of those factors.
Financial Inclusion
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2019-02-02) Abbas Umar Ibrahim; Aderonke Folashade Olasunkanmi
Financial inclusion has become a policy issue and a veritable tool for poverty reduction and the economic growth. This study aims to investigate how so far financial inclusion has benefited the banking sector and its challenges in Nigeria. Data for the study were collected mainly from secondary sources; such as Statistical Bulletins of the Central Bank of Nigeria (C.B.N.) and the National Bureau of Statistics. Data relates to the first and second elements of financial deepening (FDI and FD2), Liquidity ratio (LQR), Loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) covering a period from 1988 to 2017. The obtained data were analysed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method facilitated with E-views 8 Econometric Software. The result showed that the first and second elements of financial deepening (FDI1 and FD2), and Liquidity ratio (LQR) all have a positive impact on the nation’s economic growth whereas Loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR) does not. Assessment of the first element of financial deepening (FD1) is however insignificant. Also, the extent of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables is very good (about 96%) although a case of autocorrelation is unavoidably present. Again the F- statistic shows a statistical significant relationship hence the null hypothesis is rejected. In conclusion, the study recommended the need to create deposit and borrowing windows at affordable cost to the poor and to the income group erstwhile tagged the ‘not bankable’, financial awareness should be well tailored in all local languages and across suitable platforms, among others.
Impact of E-Banking on the Development of Banking Sector in Nigeria
(International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 2019-02-02) Abbas Umar Ibrahim; Cross Ogohi Daniel
Automation through computer network has become a necessity in the world of banking today thus this research work sets out to investigate the impact of electronic banking in the development of Nigerian banking sector. Electronic banking has become a very important and indispensable too1 for the present survival and growth of financial institutions considering the dramatic increase in the number of banks in Nigeria in recent years. The methodology of the study as discussed in Chapter three it comprises of the research and questionnaire design, data collection and data analysis techniques. The Main research question, Research questions and Questions were used in the course of this research work. After a thorough investigation, it was discovered that electronic banking has both negative and positive impact in the Nigerian banking sector. While it has greatly improved service delivery on the positive angle but on the negative side, it is prone to electronic fraud and unauthorized access to information.
Assessing the effect of corporate social responsibility on financial performance of a company
(European Journal of Management Issues, 2019-02-02) Abbas Umar Ibrahim; Okechukwu Umeano
Purpose – to research the effect of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the corporate financial performance (CFP) of quoted banks in Nigeria. Design/Method/Research approach. Using data of corporate social responsibility expenditure as a proxy for CSR and the trio of return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and bank earnings per share (EPS) as a proxy for CFP, regression analysis was conducted. ROA, ROE, and EPS data were collected from the banks’ financial statements for the period 2012 – 2016. Findings. In particular, our analysis and findings suggest that CSR expenditure had no significant effect on all the three proxies of CFP of quoted banks in Nigeria. It supports the arguments in the literature that financial performance alone does not justify expenditure on CSR activities by the quoted Nigerian banks Practical implications. Our results show that there is a need for banks to consider other factors to see if the case for CSR activities exists. If they do not, the banks should stop engaging in these activities to increase the banks’ profitability.