College of Health Sciences
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Item Perceptions of working conditions amongst health workers in state-owned facilities in northeastern Nigeria(Annals of African Medicine, 2009-01-01) Chirdan, Oluwabunmi O; Akosu, Joeseph T.; Ejembi, Clara L.; Bassi Amos Paul; Zoakah, Ayuba I.The health care sector depends to a large extent on human labor. Poor worker motivation can greatly affect health outcomes and patient safety. There is little information on the health workers' perceptions of working conditions in resource-poor settings.Three state-owned facilities in each state were selected by simple random sampling technique. The selected facilities were visited on weekdays between 9 and 10 a.m. A self-administered structured questionnaire was given to all health care workers on duty in the facility at the time of visit.A total of 299 questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 85.43%. Two hundred four (68.2%) workers experienced general satisfaction with their current jobs. The relationships between general job satisfaction and presence of conflict at work (P = 0.001), freedom of expression (P > 0.001), managerial support for staff welfare (P > 0.001), managerial support for staff career development (P > 0.001), availability of tools and consumables in the workplace (P > 0.001) and progress towards personal professional goals (P = 0.001) were statistically significant.The level of general job satisfaction was high. Though salaries were important, presence of conflict at work, freedom of expression, managerial support for staff welfare, managerial support for staff career development, availability of tools and consumables in the workplace and progress towards personal professional goals appear to play a role in worker motivation.Item Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among primary school pupils in rural Hawal valley, Borno State, Nigeria(Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, 2005-06-09) DN Bukbuk; Bassi Amos Paul; ZM MangoroBackground and objective: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide and in Africa. In the northeastern part of Nigeria. Information on the prevalence of HBV infection in rural communities is scarce. This study was carried out to determine the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen amongst primary school pupils in a rural setting in northeastern Nigeria. Methods: Hepatitis B surface antigen was tested for in 150 apparently healthy children in two primary schools in two rural communities situated in the Hawal valley area in Borno State, North East zone of Nigeria using an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique. Results: The overall sero-positivity of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the pupils was 44.7% (95% C.I: 36.6 53.0). The prevalence of HBsAg was found to increase with age, rising from 40.6% in children aged 10-11 years to 75% in children aged above 13 years. The sero-prevalence is (47.2%, (95% C.I: 37.5 57.1) among males while among the females it was slightly lower 38.1 % (95 C.I: 23.6 54.4%). The differences in the HbsAg sero-prevalence by age, sex and location were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The high prevalence of HBsAg in the two primary school children provides evidence for an urgent mass immunization for children on entry to the schools.Keywords: HBs Antigenaemia, primary school pupils, rural hawal river valley, northeastern NigeriaJournal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care 2005, 17(1): 20-23Item Communities’ Awareness, Perception and Participation in the Community-Based Medical Education of the University of Maiduguri(Taylor and Francis, 2006-07-02) Omotara, B. A.; Yahya, S. J.; Shehu, U.; Bello, H. S.; Bassi Amos PaulBackground: Community-based medical education (CBME) is no longer a new innovation in medical education since the establishment of The Network: Towards Unity for Health (The Network: TUFH) 25 years ago. The CBME of the University of Maiduguri medical college is 14 years old and has never been assessed in terms of the population it serves. The study was conducted to determine the level of awareness, perception, and participation of the communities in CBME. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 11 village units of three Local Government Areas (LGAs) using a 14-item structured questionnaire administered to adults in randomly selected households. The questionnaire was based on guide questions used for focus group discussions held earlier with community leaders. Results: Awareness of students’ visits among respondents was 73.7%. Knowledge of the frequency of presence of the students in the communities was 72.2%. ‘‘To examine and treat’’ (33.6%) and ‘‘to ask questions’’ (16.6%) were the most prominent reasons given for the visits. The majority of respondents perceived the visits as beneficial (72.2%). More frequent visits were requested by 54.4% of the respondents. The communities were willing to be more accessible and felt that the LGAs should provide more logistic support to the program. Discussion: This study revealed that communities were aware of students’ visits and knew reasons for the visits, thought visits were beneficial, and were willing to provide more support for these visits.Item Virtual computed tomography cystoscopy in bladder pathologies(International Braz J Urol, 2006-04-02) Arslan Halil; Ceylan Kadir; Harman Mustafa; Yilmaz Yuksel; Temizoz Osman; Can SabanAssessed the usefulness of virtual cystoscopy performed with multidetector computed tomography (CT) in patients with different urinary bladder pathologies compared to the conventional cystoscopy.Eighteen patients with different bladder pathologies, which consisted of 11 tumors, 3 diverticula, 2 trabecular changes and 2 stones, were assessed with conventional cystoscopy and virtual CT cystoscopy. The results of virtual CT cystoscopy were compared with the findings of conventional cystoscopy. We determined the detection rate and positive predictive value of CT imaging based virtual cystoscopy in the diagnosis of urinary bladder lesions.CT scanning was well tolerated by all patients, and no complications occurred. Images in 16 (88%) of the 18 virtual cystoscopic examinations were either of excellent or good quality. All tumors except one, 2 trabecular changes and 2 stones were characterized with similar findings in the both of methods. The masses ranged from 0.4 to 7.0 cm in diameter. While conventional cystoscopy could not evaluate interior part of the diverticulum, virtual CT cystoscopy could demonstrate clearly within it. There were no false-positive findings in our series.Virtual CT cystoscopy is a promising technique to be used in the detection of bladder lesions. It should be considered especially at the evaluation of bladder diverticula. In the future, it may be possible or even advantageous to incorporate into the imaging algorithm for evaluation of bladder lesion.Item Incidence of Renal Insufficiency in Cancer Patients(Health Communications Inc, 2005-02-02) Dogan Ekrem; Izmirli Mustafa; Ceylan Kadir; Erkoc Reha; Sayarlioglu Hayriye; Begenik Huseyin; Alici Suleyman; Yil YuzuncuThe frequency of chronic renal insufficiency among cancer patients is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of impaired renal function within a population of cancer patients. One thousand two hundred seventeen patients (563 women, 654 men) with cancer underwent serum creatinine concentration and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) evaluations. The Cockcroft-Gault formula was used to estimate the GFR from the creatinine clearance (Clcr). Renal insufficiency was defined as a GFR ≤90 mL/min. Among this population, 72 (5.9%) demonstrated an abnormal serum creatinine concentration (>1.2 mg/dL). According to the Cockcroft-Gault formula evaluations, however, 330 (27.1%) of the patients had an estimated GFR <90 mL/min. Among these, the Clcrwas between 60 and 89 mL/min in 241 patients (19.8%); 30 and 59 mL/min in 75 patients (6.2%); and 15 and 29 mL/min in 7 patients (0.6%); 7 patients (6%) had a Clcr <15 mL/min. As a result, 21.2% of patients demonstrating a normal serum creatinine level had abnormal renal function. Renal function should be evaluated in all cancer patients, regardless of their serum creatinine level, before any drug regimen is administered. The Cockcroft-Gault formula appears to be more accurate than serum creatinine concentration for diagnosing renal insufficiency in patients with cancer, but more prospective studies in this population will be necessary to confirm this finding.Item Incidence of retro-aortic left renal vein and its relationship with varicocele(Urogenital European Radiology, 2005-02-23) Arslan Halil; Etlik Ömer; Ceylan Kadir; Temizoz Osman; Kavan Mustafa; Ceylan, KThe retro-aortic left renal vein (RLRV) is a malformation characterized by the presence of a vessel that drains the left renal blood up to the inferior vena cava crossing behind the aortic artery. Varicocele is defined as venous dilation of the pampiniform plexus, and the left side is the most commonly affected. Several theories concerning the possible aetiology of varicocele are reviewed in the literature, but RLRV was not mentioned as an aetiologic factor of varicocele. in this study we investigated the percentage of RLRVs and their relation with varicocele. A total of 1,125 contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans was examined to identify RLRVs. RLRVs were found in nine women (1.6%) and ten men (1.7%). We performed scrotal Doppler ultrasonography (US) for all affected men except one. Varicocele of varying degrees was found in seven of the nine male patients with RLRV (77%). RLRV could be one of the aetiological factors in the development of varicocele, and the cases with RLRV should be examined by scrotal Doppler US for the presence of varicocele.Item Pyomyositis in north - eastern Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2004-02-02) Madziga A G; Na’aya U H; Gali Bata MtakuBackground: Pyomyositis is a suppurative disease of skeletal Muscle and a well-known disease with frequent occurrence in the tropics and subtropics, which continues to cause significant morbidity. Despite several studies of the disease in various regions of the tropics, there has been none from the northeast region of Nigeria, consisting of a largely rural population where the climate is hot and dry with little annual rainfall.Methods: A retrospective study of all patients seen and treated for pyomyositis in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital from April 1990 to April 2000 was undertaken.Results: Fifty four patients with pyomyositis were seen and managed comprising 36 Males and 18 Females (M: F ratio 2:1). Two peak age incidences of 6-10 years and 31-40 years were noted. Most were from a labouring population and presented with a fully evolved disease affecting the large and powerful muscles of the thigh and calf in 59.7% of cases, the glutei in 12.9% and the trunk in 9.7%. The smaller muscles of the arm and forearm and head and neck were rarely affected. 8 patients had multiple lesions. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 91.8% of cases sensitive to cloxacillin, augmentin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin in that order.Conclusion: Prompt diagnosis, appropriate supportive therapy, effective antibiotic therapy and early drainage of abscesses have resulted in minimal mortality despite late presentation although hospital stay was prolonged.Item Phaeochromocytoma in a 4-year old girl(Nigerian Journal of Surgical Research, 2004-02-02) Gali Bata Mtaku; Madziga A G; Nggada H A; Hamid A UThis is a report of a 4-year old female Nigerian patient with phaeochromocytoma, a rare surgically correctable cause of hypertension, highlighting the problems in diagnosis and management in our sub region with review of the literature.Item A Clinicopathological Pattern Of Tumoral Calcinosis In Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria(The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine, 2005-06-28) Gali Bata Mtaku; Nggada H; Mshelia DBackground: Tumoral calcinosis is a rare disease reported mainly among blacks of African descent with paucity literature in Africa. Aims and Objective: This study aims at reviewing the clinicopathological pattern of Tumoral calcinosis in Maiduguri Northeastern Nigeria. Methods: All histologically diagnosed cases of Tumoral calcinosis were retrieved and reviewed at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between January 1994 and December 2003. Results: There were twelve diagnosed cases of Tumoral calcinosis. All age groups were affected except the pediatrics age group. The age ranges between 15 and 70 years with a mean age of 38.5 years. There was no sex predilection. Multiple sites occurred in three patients with two recurrences. The commonest site is the hip joint and one unusual site, which is the scrotum. Surgical excision was performed on all patients with recurrences. Conclusions: Tumoral calcinosis is a rare benign lesion and most of the lesions are asymptomatic. However, morbidity may be related to the size, location and secondary infection. Early and adequate wide surgical excision is essential to avoid the morbidity and recurrence.Item Tuberculous ileal perforation in a HIV positive patient: a case report and review of literature.(Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2008-12-02) Dogo D; Bakari AA; Gali Bata Mtaku; Ibrahim AGTuberculosis is prevalent worldwide. Even in developed countries there is a resurgence of tuberculosis mainly due to increasing HIV infection. Tuberculous ileal perforation is uncommon. It is, however, a potentially fatal complication of intestinal tuberculosis especially in HIV/AIDS patient.To highlight tuberculous ileal perforation as an underestimated complication of intestinal tuberculosis in an HIV patient presenting with acute abdomen.A 42-year-old HIV positive long distance truck driver with tuberculous ileal perforation is presented and related literatures reviewed.Intestinal perforation due to abdominal tuberculosis is an aetiological factor in acute HIV abdomen. High index of suspicion remains the key to diagnosis.