Department of Civil Engineering
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Item Modification of Lateritic Soil Using Waste Plastics for Sustainable Road Construction(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishin Institute (MDPI), 2024-05-05) Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Taiwo Ibitayo Akintayo; Abubakar Dayyabu; Mahamat Assia Aboubakar; Amuda Akeem; Muoka Anthony; Mambo Abdulhameed; Azikiwe Peter OnwualuLateritic soil, a prevalent geological material in tropical regions, often exhibits poor engineering properties, leading to road pavement failures. Meanwhile, the alarming rise in plastic waste poses environmental concerns. This innovative study explores the potential of utilizing waste plastics as a lateritic soil addictive for sustainable road construction. Varying percentages by weight of shredded waste plastic (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were incorporated into lateritic soil samples, evaluating its effects on soil geotechnical properties. The results revealed that lateritized plastic (shredded plastic waste and lateritic soil) containing 2% shredded plastic waste gave the optimum maximum dry density of 1.985 g/cm3, and the lateritized plastic containing 10% shredded plastic waste gave the highest optimum moisture content of 18%. However, the lower California bearing ratio obtained on the addition of plastic waste showed that the lateritized plastic is relatively weak and can only be used for roads with low traffic. The incorporation of shredded plastic waste into lateritic soil for stabilization is a promising polymer science-based method. By reducing the need for conventional materials and diverting plastic waste from landfills, this approach contributes to a more environmentally friendly infrastructure supporting the achievement of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals.Item Potentials of Bitumen Tar Sand for Road Work: A Case Study of Kajola, Lamudifa Irele Local Government Area, Nigeria(Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 2023) Olayinka Daodu Francis; Abubakar Dayyabu; Olumuyiwa Samson Aderinola; Muhammad Umar Kolo; Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Akingbonmire Samuel Lambe; Musa Umar KoloThe persistent infrastructural deficit in Nigeria, exacerbated by the high cost of conventional road construction materials, necessitates the investigation of locally available alternatives. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the engineering properties of bitumen-rich tar sand sourced from Kajola in Ondo State, Nigeria, for potential application in asphalt pavement construction. The research methodology involved a series of standardized laboratory tests to characterize both the aggregate and binder components of a proposed Tar Sand Asphalt (TSA) composite. Critical aggregate strength parameters, including the Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV), Aggregate Impact Value (AIV), and Los Angeles Abrasion (LAA) value, were determined to be 28%, 23%, and 38%, respectively. These results fall within acceptable thresholds for use in flexible pavements, indicating good resistance to mechanical degradation and confirming the material's suitability for road surfacing in low to moderate-traffic scenarios. The bitumen extracted from the tar sand exhibited a very low penetration value of 17 mm, characterizing it as a hard binder with inherent resistance to rutting and bleeding, making it particularly advantageous for road construction in Nigeria's hot climatic regions. Furthermore, the Marshall mix design method was employed to optimize the asphalt composition, revealing that a mix incorporating 50% tar sand aggregate and an optimum bitumen content of 4.5% delivered the most favorable balance of stability and flow after the control mix. While the findings affirm the viability of Kajola tar sand for low-volume road construction, the study concludes that for broader applications, including high-traffic highways, the TSA composite would require performance-enhancing additives such as polymers, fibres, or crumb rubber. The successful deployment of this indigenous material promises to significantly reduce road construction costs and contribute to bridging the nation's infrastructure gapItem Quality Management as a Tool to Minimize Construction Waste Towards a Sustainable Built Environment: The Consultants’ Perspective(Steps For Civil, Constructions and Environmental Engineering (SCCEE), 2025-02-02) Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Buhari Saulawa Shehu; Abdulhameed Danjuma Mambo; Abubakar Dayyabu; Akeem AmudaThe construction sector is responsible for a significant volume of waste, largely attributable to inadequate resource management in building projects. This study explores the management of construction waste in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria, from the perspective of consultants. The investigation utilizes a structured questionnaire as a methodological instrument. The responses were then subjected to analysis using IBM-SPSS version 26 software and evaluated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The Relative Importance Index (RII) was computed with Microsoft Excel to assess the relative importance of the factors in question. The findings of the study revealed a total of 17 factors contributing to wastage issues; however, RII pinpointed the top 10 most crucial factors related to waste causation issues. The mean score for Poor Materials Handling and Storage was 4.57, according to the analysis results obtained. Pearson product correlation analysis revealed a correlation between designers and complicated design, specifically within the technical factor category, indicating statistical significance in this area. No significant correlations were identified within sections such as management factors, worker factors, and external factors. The findings of the present study demonstrate that the implementation of a quality management system has the potential to reduce construction waste, thereby contributing to the development of a sustainable built environment in construction projects.Item Spatiotemporal And Population Dynamics Of Injuries And Fatalities Of Road Traffic Crashes (Rtcs) In Kano, Nigeria(Nile Journal Of Engineering and Applied Science, 2024-04-04) Dayyabu Tijjani; Dayyabu Abubakar; Amuda Akeem; Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Kolo Muhammad Umar; Adebanjo Abiola UsmanRoad traffic crashes (RTCs) are among the leading causes of injury and death worldwide. However, the burden of RTCs is not spread evenly. Developing countries like Nigeria, which exist within the Global South, bear the brunt of RTCs. This analysis examined how road traffic crash (RTC) related injuries and deaths in Kano State varied in space and time, as well as demographic attributes from 2017 to 2024, using secondary data sourced from the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC). Similarly, the study investigated how the distributions of crashes among individuals in years, ages, sexes, and locations varied in Kano State in Nigeria. Geographic information system (GIS) tools were used to do spatial analysis and heat mapping to find high-risk locations. An engineering audit to assess road conditions of safety at selected hotspots was carried out. Victims occur more in the dry season months, indicating a distinct seasonal pattern in the results. More than 74% of injuries in adult males were sustained, and about 79% of adult males suffered fatalities. Thus, exposure of adult males to Road Traffic Injuries (RTA is observed to be a major concern. GIS mapping revealed clusters of fatalities in places like Gaya, Kasuwar Dogo, Riruwai, while injury hotspots were found in Kofa, Dakatsalle, and Wudil Secretariat. According to the engineering audit, these locations suffered from poor road conditions, lack of signage, and limited enforcement. This study highlights the importance of utilizing spatial, demographic, and infrastructure data for a specific intervention. Recommendations are to improve the design of roads, introduce local traffic calming measures, enhance education of road users, and strengthen enforcement of traffic laws. In the end, understanding how an RTC occurs in Kano will help road safety planning bid for sustainable strategies that are evidence-based.Item Quality Management as a Tool to Minimize Construction Waste Towards a Sustainable Built Environment: The Consultants’ Perspective(Steps For Civil, Constructions and Environmental Engineering (SCCEE), 2025-04-04) Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Shehu Buhari Saulawa; Mambo Abdulhameed Danjuma; Dayyabu Abubakar; Amuda AkeemThe construction sector is responsible for a significant volume of waste, largely attributable to inadequate resource management in building projects. This study explores the management of construction waste in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria, from the perspective of consultants. The investigation utilizes a structured questionnaire as a methodological instrument. The responses were then subjected to analysis using IBM-SPSS version 26 software and evaluated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The Relative Importance Index (RII) was computed with Microsoft Excel to assess the relative importance of the factors in question. The findings of the study revealed a total of 17 factors contributing to wastage issues; however, RII pinpointed the top 10 most crucial factors related to waste causation issues. The mean score for Poor Materials Handling and Storage was 4.57, according to the analysis results obtained. Pearson product correlation analysis revealed a correlation between designers and complicated design, specifically within the technical factor category, indicating statistical significance in this area. No significant correlations were identified within sections such as management factors, worker factors, and external factors. The findings of the present study demonstrate that the implementation of a quality management system has the potential to reduce construction waste, thereby contributing to the development of a sustainable built environment in construction projects.