Research Articles in Mechanical Engineering
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Item Experimental data on mechanical properties evaluation of medium carbon steel quenched in different waste media(Elsevier, 2018-09-05) T.S. Olabamiji; C.O. Osueke; B.T. Ogunsemi; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; D.C. Uguru-Okorie; Adeolu Adesoji Adediran; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; O.O. AgboolaSeveral wastes can be instrumental in the improvement of the mechanical properties of medium carbon steel when quenched. The quenching media employed such as coconut water (CW), pap water (PW) and spent engine oil (SPE) have been largely considered as wastes. The data in this article are related to the research article titled "Mechanical Properties Improvement Evaluation of Medium Carbon Steels Quenched in Different Media" (Ikubanni et al., 2017) [1]. The article provides information on the mechanical properties evaluation of medium carbon steel quenched in different media. Twenty-seven (27) samples of medium carbon steel samples were heated to temperatures of 730 °C, 760 °C and 790 °C and soaked for 30, 45 and 60 min respectively. The test results recorded include hardness value, yield strength (YS) and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for each of the samples at different heating temperatures and soaking time for the different quenching media.Item Fabrication and Evaluation of Screw-like Fish Pelletizer(IOP Publishing, 2019-12-18) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; O.O. Agboola; B.T. Ogunsemi; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; R.A. IbikunleGood and balanced meals are required for fish to stay healthy and the production of these meals requires some machines like pelletizer. This study therefore contributes to the improvement of existing models of this machine by designing, fabricating and evaluating the performance of a new pelletizer. After fabrication, 5 kg fish feed ingredients weight was processed for 2.5 minutes in the machine in quadruplicate. The average discharge efficiency, percentage loss due to residue ingredients and production rate for the machine are 92.25 %, 7.75 % and 110.7 kg/h, respectively. The results showed that an increase in drying days led to a corresponding increase in percentage moisture content removal with a similar reduction in the weight of the pelletized fish meal. This machine will be of great assistant to medium and small-scale aquaculture farmers, thereby reducing the need for foreign sources of fish feed in fish farming sector.Item Effect of Heat Treatment on Micro Hardness and Microstructural Properties of Al 6063 Alloy Reinforced with Silver Nanoparticles (AgNps)(IOP Publishing, 2021-04-27) T.M. Azeez; L. O. Mudashiru; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; O.O. Agboola; Olanrewaju Seun AdesinaThe demand for light weight metals in engineering design has led to the increasing use of aluminum and its alloys. However, conventional high-strength casting aluminum alloys usually exhibit low ductility and toughness, as a result of boundary segregation and coarse dendritic grains which result in its limited application in large-sized and complex shaped work pieces. Also, the possession of a significant low resistance to corrosion of Al 6063 alloys has been a major challenge in applications involving acidic and alkaline media. In this study, silver nano-particle was extracted from a fixer solution. Al 6063 was impregnated with silver Nano-particle at different percentage ratio to form a metal matrix nano composite and the Hardening heat treatment of the reinforced metal matrix nano composite was performed. The elemental composition of Al 6063 prepared from scrap was determined using Light Emission Polyvac Spectrometer. The hardness and microstructural analyses of the composites were evaluated. The micro hardness of the composites was positively influenced by the addition of AgNps and the hardening heat treatment process it was subjected to. The percentage increase in micro hardness of the sample not heat treated but impregnated with 3% and 9% weight nano particles are 20% and 22% respectively. Subjecting these samples to heat treatment further increased the micro hardness to 33% and 37% respectively. The morphology of the composites revealed reasonably homogenous distribution of the reinforcement in the matrix of Al 6063 alloy. It can be concluded that both percentage increase in weight fraction of AgNps and hardening has significantly increased the micro hardness and refined the grain morphology of the Al-AgNps composites.Item Comparative Analysis of Manual Strapping Method (MSM) and Electro-Optical Distance Ranging (EODR) Method of Tank Calibration(IOP Publishing, 2019-12-18) O.O. Agboola; B.O. Akinnuli; M. A. Akintunde; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Adekunle Akanni AdelekeOil storage tanks are mandated for calibration before putting to use and to be recalibrated as a statutory requirement at every five year interval. Oil tanks could be calibrated by geometrical methods such as Manual Strapping Method (MSM) and Electro-Optical Distance Ranging (EODR) method. This study compares both MSM and EODR in terms of cost incurred, duration of calibration and efficiency. Both methods were found to be efficient as they satisfied 95% minimum efficiency as stated by API MPMS 2.2 standard when compared with the wet method of tank calibration; though the cost of EODR was slightly higher than MSM but this was compensated with higher efficiency and reduced duration/time of calibrationItem Design and Fabrication of an Ablative Pyrolyzer for Production of Bio- lubricants and chemicals in Oil Well Drilling Application(IOP Publishing, 2021-03-24) Samuel Oluwafikayo Adegoke; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; A. O. Falode; A. J. Alawode; O.O. Agboola; Adeolu Adesoji AdediranIn this study, an ablative pyrolyser having 27.1 cm inner diameter, 41.2 cm outer diameter, the full chamber height of 74.7 cm and chamber volume of 40 litres was designed and fabricated. 150KW heater was wounded around the reactor chamber made of stainless steel to provide a higher temperature of up to 1400 The -40 to 105 capacity heat resistance wires were used to conduct the heater into the electrical panel which has several components such as the contactor, temperature controller, thermocouple wire and so on to give a particular desired working temperature. This pyrolyser applies technology of thermal energy in the heated walls of the pyrolyser being transferred to the biomass by conduction in the absence of oxygen for onward disintegration into gas, bio-oil, and biochar. After fabrication, 12 kg each of Tectona grandis and Rhopalosiphum maidis was fed into the reactor and pyrolyzed at 500, the bio-oil product for both samples were mixed together and distilled at 120 and the bio-oil distillate was characterized for density, kinematic viscosity, pH, acid value and free fatty acid content. The bio-oil distillate shows a density of 0.960 g/cc, pH of 7.2, kinematic viscosity of 84 cst and acid value of 42.20 compared to the bio oil crude which showed higher values. This pyrolyser has been found on average to melt 12 kg each of Tectona grandis and Rhopalosiphum maidis to 5353 and 3493 g crude bio-oil respectively for a period of at least 3 h. The mass of bio-char for tectona grandis and Rhopalosiphum maidis were 3325 and 2614 g respectively while the reactor requires 8 h to cool before discharging the bio-char from the reactor. This research work can provide a basic designing formula for effective and workable ablative pyrolyzer fabrication for Nigerian wastes having high energy content.Item Physico-Mechanical Properties of Particleboards Produced from Locally Sourced Materials(Trans Tech Publications, 2018-11-08) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Adeolu Adesoji Adediran; O.O. AgboolaIn this study, particleboard was produced from the blend of sawdust and rice husk with the inclusion of metallic chips and adhesives. Urea formaldehyde and gelatinous starch were used as adhesives. Particleboards (10 mm thickness) were made from varying weight percentage ratio of saw dust and rice husk using pressure in the neighbourhood of 3 N/mm2 . The particleboard was tested to determine the density, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and internal bonding strength (IBS). The density of the particleboards developed varies from 762.86 to 801.60 kg/m3 . The moisture content of the samples varied between 9.22% and 9.98%. The MOR, MOE and IB values varied between 5.08 MPa and 26.08 MPa; 75.38 MPa and 412.4 MPa; and 0.013 MPa to 0.07 MPa, respectively. Composite samples C, E and H values for MOR, MOE and IBS gave significant results which met with the EN, ANSI A 208.1 and USDA standards. Hence, the admixture of rice husk and sawdust together with UF adhesive will be suitable in producing particleboard that could be useful for indoor and outdoor purposes.Item Microstructural assessment of AISI 1021 steel under rapid cyclic heat treatment process(Elsevier, 2019-10-13) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; T. A. Orhadahwe; J.O. Aweda; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; O.O. AgboolaThis research was aimed at using image analysis to describe the effects of rapid cyclic heating on mild steel. AISI 1021 steel sample used in this study was subjected to quenching heat treatment followed by 1, 2, 3, and 4-cycles of rapid heat treatment. The as-treated steel samples were characterized by Brinell hardness tests, Charpy V-notch impact tests, optical microscopy, and image analysis using Image J software. The results revealed that the grain size decreased from 1.07 μm in the control sample to 0.79 μm in the third cycle sample and increased to 0.86 μm in the fourth cycle sample. However, the results revealed that two-cycles of rapid heat treatment was enough to produce ultra-fine grains and impact ductility in mild carbon steel. Keywords: Mechanical properties, Collapsed building, Steel rods, Chemical compositions, Percentage elongationItem Dataset on the evaluation of chemical and mechanical properties of steel rods from local steel plants and collapsed building sites(Elsevier, 2018-11-02) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; J.K. Odusote; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; O.A. Lasode; O.O. Agboola; A. Ammasi; K.R. AjaoThe quality of steel rods used in structural applications has been subjected to continuous scrutiny by researchers in Nigeria. In this data article, the experimental data on the chemical and mechanical properties of steel rods from collapsed building sites and local steel plants have been reported. The chemical composition consisting of carbon, manganese, silicon, sulphur, phosphorus among other elements were recorded using an optical emission spectrometer. Some of the main elements were used to evaluate the carbon equivalent value and the results are reported in this article. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation were also presented as obtained from the universal testing machine. The hardness values of the steel rod samples were also presentedItem Optimization of the tribological properties of hybrid reinforced aluminium matrix composites using Taguchi and Grey’s relational analysis(Elsevier, 2021-07-05) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Makanjuola Oki; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; O.O. AgboolaThe tribological properties of synthesized hybrid reinforced aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) have been optimized in this study using Taguchi and grey relational analysis (GRA), methods where a L16 orthogonal array was used for the experimental design. Hybrid palm kernel shell ash (0–6 wt.%) and SiC (2 wt.%) formed the reinforcements of interest, which were combined in ratios ranging between 2 and 8 wt.%. Different loads (250, 500, 750, and 10 0 0 g) and speeds (250, 500, 750, and 10 0 0 rpm) were used as control factors. The wear samples were produced using the double-stir casting method, while a Taber type abrasion machine was used for the wear experiments. The evaluated wear index and volume loss showed that the speed and load were better influential factors on the performance characteristics of the composites than wt.% of reinforcements. The Taguchi-Grey’s relational analysis gave the optimal combination of the process parameters for both the wear index and the volume loss as A3 B1 C1 (Reinforcement = 6 wt.%; Load = 250 g; Speed = 250 rpm) and A1 B1 C1 (Reinforcement = 2 wt.%; Load = 250 g; Speed = 250 rpm), respectively. The predicted and experimental values at the optimum conditions were confirmed to be within the range based on the performance of the confirmation test. The utilization of Taguchi and GRA methods have significantly confirmed that the influence of speed as a factor of performance was higher than load, which in turn was a better influencing factor than wt.% of reinforcementsItem Characterization of some commercially available Nigerian coals as carbonaceous material for direct reduced iron production(Elsevier, 2020-02-16) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; O.O. Agboola; Olanrewaju Seun Adesina; C.T. Nnodim; Ayokunle O. Balogun; C.J. Okonkwo; A.O. OlawaleCommercially available coals were characterized in this study in order to ascertain their suitability as carbonaceous materials for direct reduced iron (DRI) production. The proximate, elemental and heating value analyses were carried out based on different ASTM standards. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and scanning electron machine equipped with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectrometer were further used to obtain the structural components and elemental contents. The samples possess moisture content (2.16–2.41%), ash (78.88–86.28%), and fixed carbon (1.22–4.38%). The samples contain carbon in the range of 1.18–5.24%. The heating values of the sample were in the range of 0.45–1.94 MJ/kg. The predominant functional group in the samples were Si-C and Si-O-Si at 722–817 cm−1 and 1200–1050 cm−1, respectively. The micrographs of the samples also displayed agglomeration of silica and carbide with silicon and aluminum dominating the EDX spectra. It was concluded that the samples characterized in this study were not coals but they belong to the clay/sedimentary rock family. Thus, they are not suitable as carbonaceous material for DRI making.