Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Author: search.filters.author.Jamiu Kolawole Odusote

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    Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Reinforcing Steel Bars from Local Steel Plants
    (Springer, 2019-06-06) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Wasiu Shittu; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Olumide Adeyemo
    Steel bars are important engineering materials for structural application. In Nigeria, due to incessant building collapse occurrences, it is important to further investigate some of the mechanical and chemical properties of reinforcing steel bars produced from scrap metals in order to ascertain their compliance with the required standard. Three diameters (10, 12 and 16 mm) of the reinforcing steel bars were chosen from each of the eight steel plants (A–H). Chemical composition analyses and mechanical tests (yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation) were performed using optical emission spectrometer and Instron Satec Series 600DX universal testing machine, respectively. Hardness values of the samples were obtained by conversion of tensile strength based on existing correlation. The results showed that carbon contents, hardness values, yield and ultimate tensile strengths of some of the steel bars were found to be higher than the BS4449, NIS and ASTM A706 standards. The steel bar samples were also found to possess good ductility with samples from steel plants C and D. By observation, all the 12 mm steel bars from steel plants A to H met the required ASTM and BS4449 standards except samples from plant G. This study revealed that most of the investigated reinforcing steel bars have reasonable yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, ductility and hardness properties when compared with the relevant local and international standards. Therefore, they are suitable for structural applications where strength and ductility will be of paramount interest
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    Inhibition efficiency of gold nanoparticles on corrosion of mild steel, stainless steel and aluminium in 1M HCl solution
    (Elsevier, 2021-01-01) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adeolu Adesoji Adediran; R.A. Yahya; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; J.G. Oseni; J.M. Abdul; Tesleem B. Asafa; S.A. Adedayo
    In this study, the influence of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on corrosion behavior of mild steel, aluminium and stainless steel in 1.0 M HCl was investigated. The nanoparticles were previously characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis and TEM. Five concentrations of AuNPs solution (0 µg/ml, 5 µg/ml, 10 µg/ml, 15 µg/ml, 20 µg/ml) were added to 1M HCl. The corrosion rates of the metal samples and inhibition efficiency of the nanoparticles were analyzed using gravimetric (weight loss) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. After 2000 h of exposure, gravimetric study showed that weight loss was reduced by ∼75% translating to ∼85% reduction in corrosion rate for the solution containing 20 µg/ml of AuNPs. The equivalent inhibition efficiency was 88%, 98% and 96% for aluminium, mild steel and stainless steel, respectively. Furthermore, potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the presence of AuNPs modified the mechanism of anodic dissolution by the formation of adsorption layer on the surface of the metal samples. These results indicated that AuNPs can be incorporated into existing inhibitors towards minimizing corrosion rate.
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    Essential basics on biomass torrefaction, densification and utilization
    (Wiley, 2020-09-24) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Olumuyiwa A. Lasode; Madhurai Malathi; Dayanand Paswan
    Torrefaction and densification are crucial steps in upgrading biomass as feed-stock for energy generation and metallurgical applications. This paperattempts to discuss essential basics on biomass torrefaction and densification,which can propel developing nation to take full advantage of them. The mostpromising clean energy sources that have found applications in various areasare biomass materials, that is, both the lignocellulosic and non-lignocellulosi c.However, high moisture contents, low energy density, hydrophilic nature, poorstorage and handling properties are the major drawbacks limiting its useful-ness. Therefore, torrefaction as one of the major thermal pre-treatment pro-cesses to upgrade biomass in terms of improved energy density, hydrophobic,moisture content and grindability has been discussed. The influence of temper-ature, residence time, particle sizes and gas flow rates on the properties of tor-refied biomass has also been discussed. The advantages and disadvantages ofvarious torrefaction technologies have also been highlighted. The possibleareas of application of torrefied biomass especially densification into pelletsand briquettes alongside the equipment required for it have been reviewed inthis paper. The torrefied biomass can be deployed in the metallurgical indus-tries as reducing agent in the development of sponge iron from iron ores ofvarious grade including lean ones. The information gathered in this paperfrom peer-reviewed articles will reduce the burden of seeking to understandthe preliminaries of torrefaction process and its importance
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    DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF PARTICLE REINFORCED ABRASIVE GRINDING DISCS FROM LOCALLY SOURCED MATERIALS
    (Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 2024-09-09) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Timothy Adekanye; Adeiza Avidime Samuel; Chinedum Oji
    Management of waste materials is a serious concern to researchers and scientists. Waste materials cause health and environmental hazards. Hence, they should be properly managed. The aim of this study is to develop a grinding disc using agricultural wastes (palm kernel shell and snail shell), granite, aluminium oxide, and polyester resin. The particles of snail shell, palm kernel shell, aluminium oxide (abrasive) and granite (friction modifier) were measured in percentages varying between 8 - 29 wt. % and were mixed with 27 wt. % polyester resin (binder), 3 wt. % methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (hardener) and 3 wt. % cobalt naphthalene (accelerator) to produce a grinding disc. The micrograph, hardness, wear rate, and water absorption tests were carried out on the grinding disc samples. The result showed that the composition with the highest palm kernel shell particle content (29 wt. %) had the best values for hardness and wear resistance, making it the most suitable material for grinding discs. The environmentally-friendly palm kernel shell-based discs could be used for soft metals, wood grinding and finishing processes.
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    Assessment of Suitability of Nigerian Made Steel Bars for Structural Applications
    (The Journal of the Association of Professional Engineers of Trinidad and Tobago, 2016-10-02) Abdul Ganiyu F. Alabi; Akintunde O. Ayoade; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke
    The mechanical properties of selected reinforcing steel bars produced from two rolling mills in Osun State, Nigeria were studied. An optical emission spectrometer was used for chemical composition analysis while the tensile test was carried out using a Universal Testing Machine. Izod v-notched was used for impact test, while the hardness values were obtained from Brinnel hardness tester. Scanning Electron Microscope was used for the fractured surface fractography. The Ultimate Tensile Strengths (UTS) of all the samples are higher than BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 standard and are also in close proximity to A707M-15 standard. Samples A12, B10 and B12 possessed higher yield strengths than samples A16 and B16 but lower than those of BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 and A707M-15 standards. Ductile property of the samples doubled the recommended Nst-65-Mn standard values while the hardness and ductility properties are higher than the recommended A707M-15 and BS4449 standards. The results showed that the investigated reinforcing bar samples possessed reasonably high strength and ductility when compared with available standards. Consequently, these bars would be suitable for structural applications where strength and ductility are critical properties. They would also be used in steel reinforcement applications that would require continuous and repetitive loading such as in buildings and bridges.
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    Mechanical properties and microstructure of precipitation-hardened Al-Cu-Zn alloys
    (UMP Publisher, 2015-12-30) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; P. A. Ajayi
    Many automobile components are made from aluminium and its alloys because of their suitable properties. Metals and their alloys are usually subjected to heat treatment in order to improve their properties. Thus, the effect of precipitation hardening on the mechanical properties and microstructure of sand cast aluminum alloys was investigated. The cast AlCu-Zn alloy samples were heat-treated at 460 °C for 2 hours, quenched in water and then age-hardened at 160 °C for 5 hours. Tensile, impact and hardness tests were carried out on the heat-treated and the as-cast Al-Cu-Zn alloys samples. The surface morphology of both the as-cast and the precipitation hardened samples was observed using digital metallurgical microscope. The ultimate tensile strength of the precipitation hardened samples A2 (81.2Al: 1.56Cu: 8.33Zn) and B2 (81.7Al: 3.25Cu: 6.16Zn) are 173.42 N/mm 2 and 168.02 N/mm 2 , respectively. These values are higher than those of the as-cast samples A1 and B1, which are 168.02 N/mm 2 and 157.84 N/mm 2 , respectively. The precipitation hardened Al alloy samples also displayed higher hardness, impact energy and elongation than the as-cast samples, indicating improved properties. The presence of coarse reinforcing intermetallic phases was observed in the as-cast samples as compared to the well-distributed fine grain size microstructure of intermetallic phases in the precipitation hardened samples. It can be concluded that precipitation hardening improves the mechanical and microstructure properties of aluminum alloys and thus will find wider applications in automobile industries for the production of components and parts.
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    Mild pyrolytic treatment of Gmelina arborea for optimum energetic yields
    (Taylor and Francis, 2019-03-17) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; O. A. Lasode; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; M Malathi; Dayanand Paswan
    One of the most promising routes to produce solid biofuel from biomass is mild pyrolytic treatment (torrefaction). In the present study, mild pyrolytic treatment of Gmelina arborea was carried out to obtain optimum energetic yields (mass yield, higher heating value and energy yield). The biomass of 0.5–6 mm particle sizes were torrefied at two different temperatures, 240 and 300°C for residence time of 30 and 60 min. Full-factorial experimental method was used for the optimization of torrefaction conditions in order to produce solid fuel with high energetic yields. The analyses revealed that torrefied biomass was better in terms of heating value, proximate contents and fuel ratio. The results also showed that temperature has the largest effect on the energetic yields compared to residence time and particle size. The optimum torrefaction conditions that produced the highest energetic yields were temperature of 260°C, residence time of 60 min and particle size of 2 mm as predicted using the factorial linear models. The optimum conditions were experimentally validated and the energetic yields obtained were acutely close to those predicted using factorial linear models developed in this study. Hence, mild pyrolytic treatment at a temperature of 260°C, residence time of 60 min and particle size of 2 mm is useful to produce solid biofuel with maximum energetic yields.
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    Influence of sawdust ash on the microstructural and physicomechanical properties of stir‑cast Al6063/SDA matrix composite
    (The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2023-02-02) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Boluwatife B. Olujimi; Jude A. Okolie
    Mechanical, physical, and corrosion properties of pure aluminum cannot meet the requirements of the modern industries. This has led to increase in demand for aluminum alloys and aluminum matrix composites with enhanced properties. These properties make them suitable for most applications. This article analyzes the physicomechanical and microstructural properties of stir cast Al6063 alloy matrix reinforced with different weight fractions (2, 4, and 6 wt.%) of sawdust ash (SDA). The density, porosity, hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength of the unreinforced alloy and developed composite samples were evaluated while microstructural analysis was also carried out. The results showed reduced density values with increased SDA contents while percentage porosity ranged between 1.56 and 2.23%. The hardness (88.3–106.93 BHN) and tensile strength (112.13–132.71 MPa) of the composites were 21.09% and 18.35% better than those of Al6063 alloy. However, the impact strengths (45.48–35.51 J) of the composites were lower when compared to the unreinforced Al6063 alloy with a reduction of 21.92%. Microstructural images showed evenly distributed reinforcement particles within the matrix, while the XRD analysis also revealed the presence of different intermetallic phases in the composite samples. The micrographs of the composites showed plastic deformation during straining. The findings from the study indicate that SDA particulates incorporated into alloy matrix influenced the properties with increased hardness and tensile strength and reduced impact strength. Hence, the aluminum matrix composites will be suitable for use in lightweight engineering applications.
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    Formed Coke from Coal and Plastic: A Review
    (IEEE, 2023-02-28) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Petrus Nzerem; Ayuba Salihu; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adebayo Isaac Olosho; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Yazeed Abubakar Mohammed; Samuel Chijoke Lawrence; Temitayo Samson Ogedengbe; Adeiza Avidime Samuel
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    Synthesis and Characterization of Eggshell-derived Hydroxyapatite for Dental Implant Applications
    (EDP Sciences, 2023-01-01) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Peter Omoniyi; Tien-Chien Jen; G. Odedele; Jude A. Okolie; Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
    Hydroxyapatite (HAp) production from eggshells for dental implant purposes involved a novel approach utilizing a wet chemical precipitation technique. The eggshells, finely ground to a size below 250 μm, underwent calcination at a high temperature of 900°C for 2 hours. This thermal treatment facilitated the conversion of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide (CaO) while eliminating any organic components in the eggshell. To initiate the synthesis of HAp, a solution comprising 0.6 M phosphoric acid was added to the CaO dispersed in water. The resulting mixture was allowed to undergo aging at different time intervals ranging from 0 to 24 hours, promoting the formation of HAp. Subsequently, the HAp particles were oven-dried at 100°C for 2 hours to remove residual moisture. Finally, the dried particles were sintered at 1200°C in a muffle furnace to achieve the desired properties for dental implant applications. XRD peaks at 25, 33, 40, and 50° confirm the synthesized material as HAp. Vibrational modes of phosphate (PO43-), hydroxyl (OH-), and carbonate (CO32-) groups indicate carbonated HAp. Synthesized HAp holds potential for biomedical applications.