Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Item Inhibition efficiency of gold nanoparticles on corrosion of mild steel, stainless steel and aluminium in 1M HCl solution(Elsevier, 2021-01-01) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adeolu Adesoji Adediran; R.A. Yahya; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; J.G. Oseni; J.M. Abdul; Tesleem B. Asafa; S.A. AdedayoIn this study, the influence of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on corrosion behavior of mild steel, aluminium and stainless steel in 1.0 M HCl was investigated. The nanoparticles were previously characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis and TEM. Five concentrations of AuNPs solution (0 µg/ml, 5 µg/ml, 10 µg/ml, 15 µg/ml, 20 µg/ml) were added to 1M HCl. The corrosion rates of the metal samples and inhibition efficiency of the nanoparticles were analyzed using gravimetric (weight loss) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. After 2000 h of exposure, gravimetric study showed that weight loss was reduced by ∼75% translating to ∼85% reduction in corrosion rate for the solution containing 20 µg/ml of AuNPs. The equivalent inhibition efficiency was 88%, 98% and 96% for aluminium, mild steel and stainless steel, respectively. Furthermore, potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the presence of AuNPs modified the mechanism of anodic dissolution by the formation of adsorption layer on the surface of the metal samples. These results indicated that AuNPs can be incorporated into existing inhibitors towards minimizing corrosion rate.Item Essential basics on biomass torrefaction, densification and utilization(Wiley, 2020-09-24) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Olumuyiwa A. Lasode; Madhurai Malathi; Dayanand PaswanTorrefaction and densification are crucial steps in upgrading biomass as feed-stock for energy generation and metallurgical applications. This paperattempts to discuss essential basics on biomass torrefaction and densification,which can propel developing nation to take full advantage of them. The mostpromising clean energy sources that have found applications in various areasare biomass materials, that is, both the lignocellulosic and non-lignocellulosi c.However, high moisture contents, low energy density, hydrophilic nature, poorstorage and handling properties are the major drawbacks limiting its useful-ness. Therefore, torrefaction as one of the major thermal pre-treatment pro-cesses to upgrade biomass in terms of improved energy density, hydrophobic,moisture content and grindability has been discussed. The influence of temper-ature, residence time, particle sizes and gas flow rates on the properties of tor-refied biomass has also been discussed. The advantages and disadvantages ofvarious torrefaction technologies have also been highlighted. The possibleareas of application of torrefied biomass especially densification into pelletsand briquettes alongside the equipment required for it have been reviewed inthis paper. The torrefied biomass can be deployed in the metallurgical indus-tries as reducing agent in the development of sponge iron from iron ores ofvarious grade including lean ones. The information gathered in this paperfrom peer-reviewed articles will reduce the burden of seeking to understandthe preliminaries of torrefaction process and its importanceItem DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF PARTICLE REINFORCED ABRASIVE GRINDING DISCS FROM LOCALLY SOURCED MATERIALS(Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 2024-09-09) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Timothy Adekanye; Adeiza Avidime Samuel; Chinedum OjiManagement of waste materials is a serious concern to researchers and scientists. Waste materials cause health and environmental hazards. Hence, they should be properly managed. The aim of this study is to develop a grinding disc using agricultural wastes (palm kernel shell and snail shell), granite, aluminium oxide, and polyester resin. The particles of snail shell, palm kernel shell, aluminium oxide (abrasive) and granite (friction modifier) were measured in percentages varying between 8 - 29 wt. % and were mixed with 27 wt. % polyester resin (binder), 3 wt. % methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (hardener) and 3 wt. % cobalt naphthalene (accelerator) to produce a grinding disc. The micrograph, hardness, wear rate, and water absorption tests were carried out on the grinding disc samples. The result showed that the composition with the highest palm kernel shell particle content (29 wt. %) had the best values for hardness and wear resistance, making it the most suitable material for grinding discs. The environmentally-friendly palm kernel shell-based discs could be used for soft metals, wood grinding and finishing processes.Item Influence of sawdust ash on the microstructural and physicomechanical properties of stir‑cast Al6063/SDA matrix composite(The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2023-02-02) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Boluwatife B. Olujimi; Jude A. OkolieMechanical, physical, and corrosion properties of pure aluminum cannot meet the requirements of the modern industries. This has led to increase in demand for aluminum alloys and aluminum matrix composites with enhanced properties. These properties make them suitable for most applications. This article analyzes the physicomechanical and microstructural properties of stir cast Al6063 alloy matrix reinforced with different weight fractions (2, 4, and 6 wt.%) of sawdust ash (SDA). The density, porosity, hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength of the unreinforced alloy and developed composite samples were evaluated while microstructural analysis was also carried out. The results showed reduced density values with increased SDA contents while percentage porosity ranged between 1.56 and 2.23%. The hardness (88.3–106.93 BHN) and tensile strength (112.13–132.71 MPa) of the composites were 21.09% and 18.35% better than those of Al6063 alloy. However, the impact strengths (45.48–35.51 J) of the composites were lower when compared to the unreinforced Al6063 alloy with a reduction of 21.92%. Microstructural images showed evenly distributed reinforcement particles within the matrix, while the XRD analysis also revealed the presence of different intermetallic phases in the composite samples. The micrographs of the composites showed plastic deformation during straining. The findings from the study indicate that SDA particulates incorporated into alloy matrix influenced the properties with increased hardness and tensile strength and reduced impact strength. Hence, the aluminum matrix composites will be suitable for use in lightweight engineering applications.Item Formed Coke from Coal and Plastic: A Review(IEEE, 2023-02-28) Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Petrus Nzerem; Ayuba Salihu; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adebayo Isaac Olosho; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Yazeed Abubakar Mohammed; Samuel Chijoke Lawrence; Temitayo Samson Ogedengbe; Adeiza Avidime SamuelItem Synthesis and Characterization of Eggshell-derived Hydroxyapatite for Dental Implant Applications(EDP Sciences, 2023-01-01) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Peter Omoniyi; Tien-Chien Jen; G. Odedele; Jude A. Okolie; Esther Titilayo AkinlabiHydroxyapatite (HAp) production from eggshells for dental implant purposes involved a novel approach utilizing a wet chemical precipitation technique. The eggshells, finely ground to a size below 250 μm, underwent calcination at a high temperature of 900°C for 2 hours. This thermal treatment facilitated the conversion of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide (CaO) while eliminating any organic components in the eggshell. To initiate the synthesis of HAp, a solution comprising 0.6 M phosphoric acid was added to the CaO dispersed in water. The resulting mixture was allowed to undergo aging at different time intervals ranging from 0 to 24 hours, promoting the formation of HAp. Subsequently, the HAp particles were oven-dried at 100°C for 2 hours to remove residual moisture. Finally, the dried particles were sintered at 1200°C in a muffle furnace to achieve the desired properties for dental implant applications. XRD peaks at 25, 33, 40, and 50° confirm the synthesized material as HAp. Vibrational modes of phosphate (PO43-), hydroxyl (OH-), and carbonate (CO32-) groups indicate carbonated HAp. Synthesized HAp holds potential for biomedical applications.Item Inhibition potential of silver-gold nanoparticles on mild steel in 3.5% NaCl solution(Engineering and Applied Science Research, 2023-01-01) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Tesleem B. Asafa; Sharafadeen K. Kolawole; Victor O. Ogbesanya; Jude A. OkolieThis study investigates the corrosion behaviour of silver-gold nanoparticles as an inhibitor on the degradation of mild steel in 3.5% NaCl (saline environment) using gravimetric analysis and potentiodynamic measurement. The inhibitor Ag-AuNPs was synthesized from Kola nut pod. Five different concentrations of the Ag-AuNPs solution (0, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml) were added to the saline environment. The gravimetric result showed that inhibition efficiency of 83.33% was the highest at 20 μg/ml of Ag-AuNPs inhibitor concentration. The Tafel polarization result showed that the solution with 20 μg/ml of Ag-AuNPs had the highest inhibition efficiency of 99.465%. At 0 μg/ml of Ag-AuNps, the surface morphologies of the mild steel sample did not show the existence of Ag-AuNps constituent in the saline environment containing the nanoparticles. The outcome showed that the saline environment with 15 and 20 μg/ml of Ag-AuNPs could successfully limit the corrosion of the mild steel.Item Analysis of an Experimental Digital Read-outs Slider Crank Mechanism(IEEE, 2024-08-15) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Qudus A. Siyanbola; Oluwasogo L. Ogundipe; Olayinka O. AgboolaSlider-crank mechanism (SCM) was developed with digital read-outs in this study to make the reading of experimental results more accurate. They are connected by joints and force elements for the conversion of reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice-versa. A digital protractor (accuracy = ±𝟎. 𝟐) and a digital vernier caliper (accuracy = +0.02 mm) were incorporated as the crank and the slider respectively, while a stainless-steel plate was made the connecting link. The deviation of the slider (displacement) values from the corresponding theoretical values at various angles was determined. The simple harmonic ratio of the analogue mechanism is higher than that of the digital mechanism but the deviations of the slider (displacement) values of the digital mechanism from the theoretical values are quite negligible. The deviations of the analogue system from its corresponding theoretical values are far higher. Based on the result obtained, the digital system is more precise and accurate for experimental studies than the analogue system.Item ASSESSMENT OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF STIR CAST Al6063 ALLOY REINFORCED WITH OKABA COAL ASH(SCICELL, 2023-03-23) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Qudus Badrudeen; Adeiza Avidime Samuel; Olalekan Ogunniyi; Temitayo Samson OgedengbeComposite are multi-phase materials made up of matrix and reinforcement. This paper assesses the tribological property of Al6063 alloy (AMCs) reinforced with Okaba coal ash (OCA) using the stir casting method. By using a constant speed of 1000 rpm and two different loads (250 g and 750 g) on Taber wear apparatus, the tribological properties of the produced composite are contrasted with those of an unreinforced Al6063 alloy. The results show a reduction in wear index and the highest abrasion resistance at 4 wt.% coal ash at 500 g and 1000 rpm, as well as at 0, 2, and 6 wt.% with 8.688, 5.878, and 5.813 at 500g and 8.688, 5.878, 4.125, and 5.813 at 750g, respectively. Therefore, for all composite products compared to metal, there is an increase in abrasion resistance with a decrease in wear index, but this decreases when the load is increased to 750g, showing that the higher the load, the higher the wear index, which results in a reduction in abrasion resistance. Load is taken into greater consideration when using the AMCs manufactured in engineering applications. Additionally, SEM images revealed uniform distribution of the OCA reinforcement in the matrix alloy; thereby, improving its wear resistance.Item Advent of Artificial Intelligence in Automotive Engineering(IEEE, 2024-02-29) Adeiza Avidime Samuel; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Esther Nneka Anosike-Francis; Temitayo Samson Ogedengbe; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Favour Oluwasayo Adeyemi; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Matthew Onuoha; Usman ShuaibArtificial intelligence (AI) has long been a topic of interest and with its constant development and growing popularity and functions, it is no surprise that it has made its way into the automotive industry. For ages, people have done research regarding AI in the automotive industry, and with the increasing popularity of this subject, the research only goes deeper. This paper gives an analysis of previous research under different areas which involve AI in automotives, somewhat singling out autonomous vehicles. We also go into the basis of artificial intelligence, as well as highlight a few challenges which face the integration of AI into the automotive industry.