Faculty of Engineering

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2012 - 201930

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Start date: 2012End date: 2019

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    Formation of Ceiling Boards by the Combination of Sugarcane Bagasse and Rice Husk.
    (ICGET, 2018-10-26) Seun Jesuloluwa; Ige Bori
    Constructing housing components from agricultural wastes have become a special area of research in engineering. Hence a lot of resources is pushed into this to obtain sustainable, eco-friendly and low-cost houses. This work studies some properties of ceiling boards produced from sugarcane bagasse and rice husk. The ceiling boards were produced using water, cement as binder with binder composite ratio of 3:2 by weight, sugarcane bagasse and rice husk of varying ratios by weight from 100% of bagasse to 0% of it with a 25% decrease. The compression of the boards was done manually using moulded block as weight. From the results, it was observed that the ceiling board produced with 100% sugarcane bagasse has better properties to be considered for ceiling board as compared with the most commonly used ceiling boards like Plaster of Paris(POP), asbestos and Poly Vinyl Chloride(PVC). The properties examined are thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity, water absorption and density. The better ceiling board has thermal conductivity to be 2.27W/mK, thermal resistivity of 0.441 mK/W, water absorption of 16.89 and density of 470.3 kg/m3
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    Evaluation of Cd(II) Ion Removal from Aqueous Solution by a Low-Cost Adsorbent Prepared from White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Waste Using Batch Sorption
    (ChemEngineering, 2018-08-03) Edidiong Asuquo; Alastair D. Martin; Petrus Nzerem
    An agricultural residue, white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) tuber peel (YTBS), was used for the removal of Cd(II) ion from an aqueous solution using a batch method. The adsorbent was characterized using FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDX, N2 BET, XRD, and XRF. The optimization of sorption variables such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and initial metal ion concentration at 25 °C were also carried out. The results indicated the dependence of sorption on the adsorbate pH and adsorbent dose, while the adsorption system reached equilibrium in 180 min. The sorption kinetics was fitted to three models (pseudo first order, pseudo second order, and Elovich) to validate the kinetics, and the pseudo first order was the best model for the description of Cd(II) uptake. Equilibrium isotherm modelling was also carried out using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models, with the Langmuir isotherm giving the best fitting to the experimental results. The maximum loading capacity (qmax) of the adsorbent for Cd(II) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model was 22.4 mg∙g−1 with an isotherm constant (KL) of 3.46 × 10−3 L·mg−1 and r2 value of 0.99. This result indicates that the YTBS residue was a good adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) ion from aqueous system.
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    Well Placement Optimization Using Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm
    (Society of Petroleum Engineers SPE, 2019-07-31) Aisha Diggi Tukur; Alonge Oluwaseun; Oghenerume Ogolo; Petrus Nzerem; Nhoyidi Nsan; Ikechukwu Okafor ; Abdullahi Gimba; Okafor Andrew
    The general success ratio of wells drilled lies at 1:4, which highlights the difficulty in properly ascertaining sweetspots. well placement location selection is one of the most important processes to ensure optimal recovery of hydrocarbons. Conventionally, a subjective decision is based on the visualization of the HUPHISO (a product of net-to-gross, porosity and oil saturation) map. While this approach identifies regions of high HUPHISO regarded as sweetspots in the reservoir; it lacks consideration for neighbouring regions of the sweetspot. This sometimes lead to placement of wells in a sweetspot but near an adjoining aquifer; giving rise to early water breakthrough - low hydrocarbon recovery. Recently, heuristic optimization techniques. Genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) has received attention as methods of selection of well-placement locations. This project developed and implemented GA and SA well-placement algorithms and compared the reservoir performance outputs to that of conventional method. Firstly, a reservoir performance model was built using a reservoir flow simulator. In the base case, the wells were placed based on a subjective selection of gridblocks upon the visualization of the HUPHISO map. Thereafter, JAVA routines of GA and SA well-placement algorithms were developed. The numeric data (ASCII format) underlying the map were then exported to the routines. Finally, the performance model was updated with new well locations as selected based on the GA and SA-based approach and the results were compared to the base case. The Comparison of the results showed that both GA and SA-based approach resulted to an increased recovery and time before water breakthrough.
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    Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Reinforcing Steel Bars from Local Steel Plants
    (Springer, 2019-06-06) Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Wasiu Shittu; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Olumide Adeyemo
    Steel bars are important engineering materials for structural application. In Nigeria, due to incessant building collapse occurrences, it is important to further investigate some of the mechanical and chemical properties of reinforcing steel bars produced from scrap metals in order to ascertain their compliance with the required standard. Three diameters (10, 12 and 16 mm) of the reinforcing steel bars were chosen from each of the eight steel plants (A–H). Chemical composition analyses and mechanical tests (yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation) were performed using optical emission spectrometer and Instron Satec Series 600DX universal testing machine, respectively. Hardness values of the samples were obtained by conversion of tensile strength based on existing correlation. The results showed that carbon contents, hardness values, yield and ultimate tensile strengths of some of the steel bars were found to be higher than the BS4449, NIS and ASTM A706 standards. The steel bar samples were also found to possess good ductility with samples from steel plants C and D. By observation, all the 12 mm steel bars from steel plants A to H met the required ASTM and BS4449 standards except samples from plant G. This study revealed that most of the investigated reinforcing steel bars have reasonable yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, ductility and hardness properties when compared with the relevant local and international standards. Therefore, they are suitable for structural applications where strength and ductility will be of paramount interest
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    Adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions using mesoporous activated carbon adsorbent: Equilibrium, kinetics and characterisation studies
    (Lancaster E-Prints, 2017-02-23) Asuquo, Edidiong D.; Martin, Alastair Douglas; Petrus Nzerem; Siperstein, Flor; Fan, Xiaolei
    In this study, cadmium and lead ions removal from aqueous solutions using a commercial activated carbon adsorbent (CGAC) were investigated under batch conditions. The adsorbent was observed to have a coarse surface with crevices, high resistance to attrition, high surface area and pore volume with bimodal pore size distribution which indicates that the material was mesoporous. Sorption kinetics for Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions proceeded through a two-stage kinetic profile-initial quick uptake occurring within 30 min followed by a gradual removal of the two metal ions until 180 min with optimum uptake (qe,exp) of 17.23 mg g1 and 16.84 mg g1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions respectively. Modelling of sorption kinetics indicates that the pseudo first order (PFO) model described the sorption of Pb(II) ion better than Cd(II), while the reverse was observed with respect to the pseudo second order (PSO) model. Intraparticle diffusion modelling showed that intraparticle diffusion may not be the only mechanism that influenced the rate of ions uptake. Isotherm modelling was carried out and the results indicated that the Langmuir and Freundlich models described the uptake of Pb(II) ion better than Cd(II) ion. A comparison of the two models indicated that the Langmuir isotherm is the better isotherm for the description of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions sorption by the adsorbent. The maximum loading capacity (qmax) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm was 27.3 mg g1 and 20.3 mg g1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions respectively.
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    Defining the Optimal Development Strategy to Maximize Recovery and Production Rate from an Integrated Offshore Water-Flood Project
    (Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019-07-31) Hajara Kabeer Abdulfatah; Ikechukwu Okafor; Petrus Nzerem; Khaleel Jakada
    A reservoir development plan provides the necessary guidance and information for establishing whether or not a project is economically viable considering possible development project options, risks and uncertainties in order to define the most optimal development concept that will increase oil production and reduce production costs. The aim of this project was to determine the optimum way to develop and produce an offshore oil field in a manner that considers risks and uncertainties and values stakeholders’ interest. A stochastic multi-tank reservoir model was created using MBAL and it consist of various producers and water injection wells. Sensitivity analysis was carried out on Seven development scenarios with a view to examine effect of maintaining reservoir pressure, sustaining well productivity and injectivity, optimize well counts and improving well delivery- timing, cost and well performance. The economic viability of each of the development scenarios was carried out to determine the net present value, incremental project cash flow, unit technical cost, unit development cost and breakeven price BEP of each of the scenarios. The optimal development strategy was then selected based on the production performance and key economic indicators. The project provided an opportunity to develop an additional 396MMbbls of recoverable oil from 32 new wells both producers and injector wells (P+WI).
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    Human Detection For Crowd Count Estimation Using CSI of WiFi Signals
    (International Conference on Electronics Computer and Computation (ICECCO), 2019-12-01) Omotayo Oshiga; Hussein U. Suleiman; Sadiq Thomas; Petrus Nzerem; Labaran Farouk; Steve Adeshina
    We address the problem of crowd estimation in situations such as indoor events using anonymous and non-participatory CSI of WiFi Signals. Observing the great resemblance of Channel State Information (CSI, a finegrained information captured from the received Wi-Fi signal) to texture, we propose a brand-new framework based on statistical mechanics, and relying only on sets of machine learning techniques.In this paper, a framework for crowd count estimation is presented which utilizes Chebyshev filter and SVD to remove background noise in the CSI data, PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the CSI data and spectral descriptors for feature extraction. From the extracted feature, a set of classiffying algorithms are then utilised for training and testing the accuracy of our crowd estimation framework The aim of this framework to effectively and efficiently extract the channel information in WiFi signals across OFDM carriers reflected by the presence of human bodies. From the experiments conducted, we demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed framework. Our result depict that our estimation becomes more–rather than less–accurate when the crowd count increases.
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    Assessment of Suitability of Nigerian Made Steel Bars for Structural Applications
    (The Journal of the Association of Professional Engineers of Trinidad and Tobago, 2016-10-02) Abdul Ganiyu F. Alabi; Akintunde O. Ayoade; Jamiu Kolawole Odusote; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke
    The mechanical properties of selected reinforcing steel bars produced from two rolling mills in Osun State, Nigeria were studied. An optical emission spectrometer was used for chemical composition analysis while the tensile test was carried out using a Universal Testing Machine. Izod v-notched was used for impact test, while the hardness values were obtained from Brinnel hardness tester. Scanning Electron Microscope was used for the fractured surface fractography. The Ultimate Tensile Strengths (UTS) of all the samples are higher than BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 standard and are also in close proximity to A707M-15 standard. Samples A12, B10 and B12 possessed higher yield strengths than samples A16 and B16 but lower than those of BSS4449:2005+A2:2005 and A707M-15 standards. Ductile property of the samples doubled the recommended Nst-65-Mn standard values while the hardness and ductility properties are higher than the recommended A707M-15 and BS4449 standards. The results showed that the investigated reinforcing bar samples possessed reasonably high strength and ductility when compared with available standards. Consequently, these bars would be suitable for structural applications where strength and ductility are critical properties. They would also be used in steel reinforcement applications that would require continuous and repetitive loading such as in buildings and bridges.
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    Experimental data on mechanical properties evaluation of medium carbon steel quenched in different waste media
    (Elsevier, 2018-09-05) T.S. Olabamiji; C.O. Osueke; B.T. Ogunsemi; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; D.C. Uguru-Okorie; Adeolu Adesoji Adediran; Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; O.O. Agboola
    Several wastes can be instrumental in the improvement of the mechanical properties of medium carbon steel when quenched. The quenching media employed such as coconut water (CW), pap water (PW) and spent engine oil (SPE) have been largely considered as wastes. The data in this article are related to the research article titled "Mechanical Properties Improvement Evaluation of Medium Carbon Steels Quenched in Different Media" (Ikubanni et al., 2017) [1]. The article provides information on the mechanical properties evaluation of medium carbon steel quenched in different media. Twenty-seven (27) samples of medium carbon steel samples were heated to temperatures of 730 °C, 760 °C and 790 °C and soaked for 30, 45 and 60 min respectively. The test results recorded include hardness value, yield strength (YS) and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for each of the samples at different heating temperatures and soaking time for the different quenching media.
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    Mechanical Properties Improvement Evaluation of Medium Carbon Steels Quenched in Different Media
    (Trans Tech Publications,, 2017-09-12) Peter Pelumi Ikubanni; Adediran, A.A; Adekunle Akanni Adeleke; Ajao, K.R.; Agboola, O.O.
    The effect of quenching on the mechanical properties of medium carbon steels using coconut (CW) water, pap water (PW) and spent engine oil (SPE) which have been largely considered as wastes was investigated. All specimens were normalized at a temperature of 840 in order to remove residual stresses induced during machining operations. Various specimens were heated to ranges of 730-790 and soaked for the range of 30-60 minutes respectively. Brinnel hardness tester was used to obtain the hardness values while Testometric M500-50AT model machine was used for the tensile test of the specimens. The highest hardness value (609.97 BHN) was obtained from the specimen heated to 790 quenched in pap water as compared with 166.4 BHN for the normalized as-received sample. The yield (YS) and ultimate tensile (UTS) strengths of the quenched specimens were better than the normalized as-received sample. SPE-quenched samples yielded the highest YS and UTS combined. The hardness value increased while YS and UTS decreased with soaking time for different temperatures. The highest hardness value for the specimens was obtained from coconut and pap water. Rather than been considered as wastes, coconut water, pap water and spent engine oil can improve the mechanical properties of medium carbon steel when used as quenching media.