Research Articles in Civil Engineering

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Author: search.filters.author.Muoka AnthonyHas files: Yes

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    Life Cycle Cost Analysis Of Asphalt And Soil Pavements In Abuja-Keffi Highway Road Using Real Cost 3.0 Software
    (Nile Journal Of Engineering and Applied Science, 2025-05-05) Offor George Ikechukwu; Muoka Anthony; Abubakar Dayyabu; Musa Umar Kolo; Mohammed Ado; Mambo Abdulhameed
    This study presents a Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) of the Abuja-Keffi Expressway, focusing on the Mararaba axis, to evaluate and compare the economic implications of two flexible pavement options: asphalt pavement and soil pavement. The research is motivated by the economic challenges faced by road engineers and contractors in Nigeria due to poor road conditions and the associated high maintenance costs. The study employs RealCost 3.0 software and follows a 35-year evaluation period methodology to account for all life cycle costs, including construction, maintenance, and user costs. The analysis considers design alternatives, agency costs, user costs, maintenance costs, and discount rates. The study compared two pavement alternatives, Asphalt Pavement (Alternative 1) and Surface Dressing Pavement (Alternative 2), focusing on key financial metrics such as the Undiscounted Sum, Net Present Value (NPV), and Equivalent Uniform Annual Cost (EUAC). The Undiscounted Sum, representing total expenses over the project's lifespan, reveals that Alternative 1 incurs $1,170,436.88(₦925,825,091.28), while Alternative 2 costs $441,433.94(₦348,878,774.54). Considering the time value of money, NPV is higher for Alternative 1 at $1,136,191.38(₦896,236,417.58), compared to $413,271.56(₦326,795,499.75) for Alternative 2. The EUAC, indicating uniform annual costs equivalent to NPV, is $41,060.38 (₦32,476,199.78) for Alternative 1 and $14,935.06(₦11,793,070.46) for Alternative 2. A higher NPV signals a financially attractive investment, while a lower NPV may suggest less economic viability, especially when factoring in the time value of money. The results highlight the economic benefits of asphalt pavement in the long term, considering durability and performance. The study recommends proper design and construction of drainage systems to reduce flooding, regular maintenance to extend pavement life for asphalt pavement, quality control in construction, and consideration of local conditions in pavement selection, while To minimize costly repairs or replacements surface dressing pavement in the future, regular maintenance such as sealing cracks and applying a sealant coat should be done to extend the life of the floor
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    Modification of Lateritic Soil Using Waste Plastics for Sustainable Road Construction
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishin Institute (MDPI), 2024-05-05) Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Taiwo Ibitayo Akintayo; Abubakar Dayyabu; Mahamat Assia Aboubakar; Amuda Akeem; Muoka Anthony; Mambo Abdulhameed; Azikiwe Peter Onwualu
    Lateritic soil, a prevalent geological material in tropical regions, often exhibits poor engineering properties, leading to road pavement failures. Meanwhile, the alarming rise in plastic waste poses environmental concerns. This innovative study explores the potential of utilizing waste plastics as a lateritic soil addictive for sustainable road construction. Varying percentages by weight of shredded waste plastic (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) were incorporated into lateritic soil samples, evaluating its effects on soil geotechnical properties. The results revealed that lateritized plastic (shredded plastic waste and lateritic soil) containing 2% shredded plastic waste gave the optimum maximum dry density of 1.985 g/cm3, and the lateritized plastic containing 10% shredded plastic waste gave the highest optimum moisture content of 18%. However, the lower California bearing ratio obtained on the addition of plastic waste showed that the lateritized plastic is relatively weak and can only be used for roads with low traffic. The incorporation of shredded plastic waste into lateritic soil for stabilization is a promising polymer science-based method. By reducing the need for conventional materials and diverting plastic waste from landfills, this approach contributes to a more environmentally friendly infrastructure supporting the achievement of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals.
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    Physical, mechanical and durability properties of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl.: implications for sustainable construction in Nigeria
    (ScienceDirect, 2025-05-05) Osezuah Abraham Orianegbena; Muoka Anthony; Obianyo Ifeyinwa Ijeoma; Mahamat Assia Abuobakar; Sanusi Abdulganiyu; Abubakar Dayyabu
    The incidence and severity of climate-related problems such as flooding, erosion and extreme heat are increasing across the globe. Such problems are in part attributed to the construction industry’s dependency on high CO2-emission materials such as concrete and steel. Although there is a range of alternative materials, such as bamboo, which are in abundant supply, have low carbon footprints and are great thermal insulators, their use is quite low in Nigeria. We investigated how bamboo, specifically Bambusa vulgaris, from Abuja, Nigeria, could help meet the demands of building construction while being resilient to climate change. Laboratory tests were done to establish the physical, mechanical and durability properties of bamboo to evaluate its performance under different environmental conditions. Average water absorption percentages for fresh and dry bamboo samples were determined to be 16.0 % and 19.1 %, respectively, with moisture content averaging at 28.0 % and 17.7 %, respectively. The dry specimens had the greatest tensile strength, with a value of 84.8 MPa. The average compressive strengths were 13.7 MPa and 16.6 MPa for fresh and dry bamboo samples, respectively. We provide quantitative information on the physical and mechanical properties of Bambusa vulgaris, demonstrating its structural performance and environmental impact as well as its sustainability and potential ability to counteract the negative effects of climate change. Our research will assist in the formulation of building regulations and standards in addition to encouraging the use of bamboo in eco–friendly construction uses.
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    Performance evaluation of asphaltic concrete produced using glass waste and eggshell as alternative fillers.
    (Nile Journal Of Engineering and Applied Science, 2025-05-05) Otronyi Stephen Okojo; Abubakar Dayyabu; Yakubu Muktar Sakadadi; Amuda Akeem Gbenga; Mambo Abdulhameed; Muoka Anthony
    Reliance on non-renewable natural resources in pavement construction poses environmental and sustainability challenges, hence possible incorporation of wastes becomes novel. This study investigates the performance of asphalt modified with glass waste and eggshell powder as alternative fillers. The materials were selected due to their distinct compositions: glass, predominantly silica-based, enhances stiffness which prevent cracks and reduces premature pavement distress, while eggshell, rich in calcium carbonate, improves adhesion and moisture resistance of pavement. Glass waste was collected, grounded and sieved through 0.075mm, also eggshell was collected, washed, dried, pulverized and sieved through the 0.075mm as required. XRD/SEM analysis was performed on the wastes to confirmed their silicate and calcium carbonate content. Marshall asphaltic concrete samples were prepared using the conventional fillers and tested for the optimum bitumen content determined as 6.53%. The optimum bitumen content was used to produce the modified asphalt with combined glass waste and eggshell as fillers at (0, 6, 12 and 18%) proportions. The modified samples were tested for stability, flow, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and moisture susceptibility. All proportion’s result met the AASHTO and Nig. Min. of works specifications, with TSR values exceeding the AASHTO minimum of 80%, indicating excellent resistance to moisture-induced damage. Notably, the inclusion of eggshell powder improved the mixtures' anti-stripping properties compared to glass dust alone. Therefore, glass waste and eggshell can be combined and incorporated into asphalt mix as fillers up to 18% and will reduce the environmental challenges of wastes, cost-effective asphalt, promoting resource conservation and sustainability. Further studies are recommended to evaluate other engineering performance parameters.
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    An Assessment of Vehicular Traffic Congestion along Abuja-Nasarawa Road with Emphasis on Karu bridge to A.Y.A. Interchange
    (Department of Civil Engineering, Nile University of Nigeria Abuja Nigeria., 2024-04-23) Aluya, L.E; Abubakar Dayyabu; Muoka Anthony
    Transportation is integral to societal connectivity and economic growth, with road transportation being a predominant mode globally. Traffic congestion poses a substantial challenge to efficient road transportation, impacting travel times, fuel consumption, and overall productivity. The Abuja-Nasarawa Road, a critical transportation corridor in the Federal Capital Territory, faces persistent congestion issues attributed to factors such as increased vehicle numbers, inadequate infrastructure, and poor traffic management. The escalating traffic congestion along Abuja-Nasarawa Road adversely affects the region's productivity and economic development. This study aims to analyze the traffic congestion along the Abuja Nasarawa Road to improve decision-making regarding road use and transportation system planning. The research design combines qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing a questionnaire and traffic data collection. The study focused on the A.Y.A Interchange – Karu bridge section of the road, a critical stretch facing congestion issues. The methodology involved traffic data collection, including vehicle counts, traffic volumes, and average speeds. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results indicate varying traffic flow rates during morning and evening peak hours. Karu bridge experienced the highest traffic congestion, with a flow rate of 5433 vehicles per hour in the morning. The qualitative analysis revealed the distribution of road users. The findings also revealed a prevalence of traffic congestion attributed to the concentration of economic activities in the Federal Capital City (FCC), leading to increased commuter influx. This study provides a valuable resource for future urban planning initiatives and highlights the need for comprehensive solutions to solve the region’s complex traffic congestion problems and recommends measures such as maintaining and expanding the road network, introducing alternative transportation like a railway service, and completing alternative routes such as the Apo-Karshi Road.